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   » » Wiki: Rupelian
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The Rupelian is, in the geologic timescale, the older of two ages or the lower of two stages of the Epoch/Series. It spans the time between . It is preceded by the Stage (part of the Eocene) and is followed by the Stage.


Name
The stage is named after the small river in Belgium, a tributary to the . The Belgian derives its name from the same source. The name Rupelian was introduced in scientific literature by Belgian geologist André Hubert Dumont in 1850. The separation between the group and the stage was made in the second half of the 20th century, when stratigraphers saw the need to distinguish between lithostratigraphic and chronostratigraphic names.


Stratigraphic definition
The base of the Rupelian Stage (which is also the base of the Oligocene Series) is at the of the . An official for the base of the Rupelian has been assigned in 1992 (, Italy). The transition with the Chattian has also been marked with a GSSP in August 2017 (, Italy).

The top of the Rupelian Stage (the base of the Chattian) is at the extinction of the foram genus Chiloguembelina (which is also the base of foram P21b).

The Rupelian overlaps the , and lower North American Land Mammal Ages, the upper and South American Land Mammal Ages, the uppermost , Suevian and lower European Land Mammal Mega Zones (the Rupelian spans the Mammal Paleogene zones 21 through 24 and part of 25), and the lower Hsandgolian Asian Land Mammal Age. It is also coeval with the only regionally used upper Aldingan and lower Janjukian stages of Australia, the upper Refugian and lower Zemorrian stages of California and the lower Kiscellian stage of Central and eastern Europe. Other regionally used alternatives include the Stampian, Tongrian, Latdorfian and Vicksburgian.


Literature
  • ; 1850: Rapport sur la carte géologique du Royaume, Bulletins de l’Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique 16(2), p. 351-373.
  • ; 2004: A Geologic Time Scale 2004, Cambridge University Press.


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