Rhinopias is a genus of marine Actinopterygii belonging to the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes. The species in this genus are found in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean oceans.
Taxonomy
Rhinopiaswas described as a genus in 1905 by the American
ichthyologist Theodore Gill, Gill described it as a
Monotypic taxon genus and designated
Scorpaena frondosa as its
type species.
[ Scorpaena frondosa had originally been described in 1893 by the German-born British zoologist Albert Günther with its type locality given as Mauritius.]
Species
There are six recognized species in this genus |
|
| Laced scorpionfish |
|
| Cea's Scorpionfish. |
| Eschmeyer's scorpionfish. |
| Weedy scorpionfish |
| |
|
There is some doubt as to whether R. eschmeyeri is a synonym of R. frondosa, with the two possibly being different sexes of a sexually dimorphic single species.
Characteristics
Rhinopias scorpionfishes are distinguished by having 12 spines i their dorsal fins and 3 spines in their anal fins. Their pectoral fins contain 12-18 fin rays with the lower rays being thickened. The soft fin rays of the dorsal and anal fins, as well as the upper fin rays of the pectoral fins, are branched. In adults the head and body are highly compressed with the width of the head being less than that of the body. The body is also very deep, the depth being 38-54% of its standard length. The body has a covering of small cycloid scales. There are teeth on the Palatine bone and there are no interorbital ridges or tympanic spines but they do have upper post-temporal spines.[
]
Distribution and habitat
Rhinopias scorpionfishes have an Indo-Pacific distribution from the coast of eastern Africa to Hawaiian Islands and Easter Island.[ They are demersal fish, found in habitats with soft substrate and strong currents. They can occur in shallow waters down to around .]
Biology
Rhinopias scorpionfishes are ambush predators that rest on the substrate waiting for crustaceans and smaller fishes to come within the range of their strike. These scorpionfish also frequently shed an outer layer of skin because they are so sedentary that exoparasites and algae can quickly aggregate on their skin, so to solve this issue, the scorpionfish will shed its outer layer of skin, referred to as the cuticle. Rhinopias scorpionfishes have venom in their fin spines.
Utilization
Rhinopias scorpionfishes command a high price in the aquarium trade.
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