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Resh is the twentieth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician rēš 𐤓, Hebrew alphabet rēš , Aramaic alphabet rēš 𐡓, Syriac alphabet rēš ܪ, and Arabic script rāʾ . It is related to the Ancient North Arabian 𐪇, South Arabian 𐩧, and Ge'ez ረ. Its sound value is one of a number of : usually or , but also or in Hebrew and some North Mesopotamian Arabic dialects.
In most Semitic alphabets, the letter resh (and its equivalents) is quite similar to the letter dalet (and its equivalents). In the Syriac alphabet, the letters became so similar that now they are only distinguished by a dot: resh has a dot above the letter, and the otherwise identical dalet has a dot below the letter. In the Arabic alphabet, has a longer tail than . In the Aramaic and Hebrew square alphabet, resh is a rounded single stroke while dalet is a right-angle of two strokes.
The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek alphabet rho (Ρ/ρ), Etruscan , Latin alphabet R, Glagolitic Ⱃ, and Cyrillic script Р and Armenian Ռ and Ր.
It ranges between an alveolar trill , an alveolar flap , and a uvular trill (the last of which is only found in a few modern varieties). It is pronounced as a postalveolar approximant
In the Pashto alphabet, a variant of the letter rāʾ uses a ring below for the retroflex consonant and another uses dots above and below the tail for the voiced fricative or :
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Hebrew spelling: רֵישׁ
In Hebrew language, Resh () represents a rhotic consonant that has different realizations for different dialects:
As a general rule, Resh, along with Ayin, Aleph, He, and Het, do not receive a dagesh. There are a handful of exceptions to this rule.Book Em laMikra haShalem written by Nisan Sharoni In Chapter 14:7 page 62 of the Ashdod. ספר אם למקרא השׁלם על
ידי ניסן שׁרוני ׀ אשׁדוֹד ׀ תשׁס״א ׀ עמוד
62
In the 7 article of the chapter, the Rav says that the letters ״אהחער״ generally do not take a dagesh.
₪ בּאוֹתיוֹת ״אהחער״ ־לֹא יָבֹא דָגֵשׁ, בְּדֶרֶךְ כְּלָל. ₪ מכלול נז
In the footnote 6 — Not to write it in Hebrew — ; it says: Except in a few cases where there is an exception to the rule… dagesh can be seen in Alef and Reish. See Mesorah haGedolah 43:26 and מכלול נז Minchas Shai 43:26.
In gematria, Resh represents the number 200.
Resh may be found after a person's name on a gravestone to indicate that the person had been a Rabbi or to indicate the other use of Rav, as a generic term for a teacher or a personal spiritual guide.
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