Rastatt () is a town in the district of Rastatt, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is located in the Upper Rhine Plain, on the Murg River, above its junction with the Rhine. It has a Baroque core and a population of around 51,000 (2022). Rastatt was an important place during the War of the Spanish Succession (Treaty of Rastatt) and the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states.
History
Until the end of the 17th century, Rastatt held little influence, but after its destruction by the French in 1689, it was rebuilt on a larger scale by Louis William, Margrave of Baden, the Imperial General in the Great Turkish War who was known popularly as
Türkenlouis.
It then remained the residence of the Margraves of Baden-Baden until 1771. It was the location of the First and Second Congress of Rastatt, the former giving rise to the Treaty of Rastatt while the second ended in failure in 1799. In the 1840s, Rastatt was surrounded by fortifications to form the Fortress of Rastatt. For about 20 years previous to 1866, it was occupied by the troops of the German Confederation.
The Baden Revolution of 1849 began with a mutiny of soldiers at Rastatt in May 1849 under Ludwik Mieroslawski and Gustav Struve and ended there a few weeks later with the capture of the town by Prussia. (See The Revolutions of 1848 in the German states and History of Baden.) For some years, Rastatt was one of the strongest fortresses of the German Empire, but its fortifications were dismantled in 1890.
In the same year, the town's railway station was relocated closer to the centre of Rastatt from a location that was outside the town walls but is now an industrial area.
Between 1946 and 1954, about 20 major criminal proceedings (known as the Rastatt Trials) for crimes against foreign workers and prisoners in smaller camps of the National Socialist camp system in south-western Germany took place in front of the French Military Administration's Tribunal Général on the basis of Control Council Law No. 10, along with more than 2000 defendants.
In 1992, a new Mercedes-Benz car factory started production in Rastatt.
Local attractions
Rastatt and its surrounding area are home to a variety of historical buildings, includes palaces and castles such as
Schloss Rastatt and Schloss Favorite, and lie in the vicinity of the
Black Forest and the French border.
Twin towns – sister cities
Rastatt is
Sister city with:
Transport
Air
Rastatt is served by Karlsruhe/Baden-Baden Airport, which is located to the south west of the town. Other nearby airports are Strasbourg Airport, located to the south-west, and Frankfurt Airport, located to the north.
Rail
Rastatt station provides train services to other parts of Baden-Württemberg. It is an important station for the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn and is served by four of its lines, which are operated by the Albtal-Verkehrs-Gesellschaft ("Alb Valley Transport Company", AVG). In addition, it is served by regional and long-distance trains operated by
Deutsche Bahn. The station is located at chainage 96.5 km on the Rhine Valley Railway and at chainage 82.9 on the Rhine Railway (both chainages are based on the original distance from Mannheim Hauptbahnhof). The station is also the beginning of the Murg Valley Railway.
Notable people
-
Herman Fortunatus (1595–1665), Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern
-
Charles William (1627–1666), Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern
-
Augustus George (1706–1771), Margrave of Baden-Baden
-
Joseph Frank (1771–1842), physician.
-
Wilhelm Stemmermann (1888–1944), general in the Wehrmacht
-
Luise Adolpha Le Beau (1850–1927), pianist and composer of classical music
-
Bodo Uhse (1904–1963), writer
-
Oliver Hassencamp (1921–1988), cabaret artist, actor and author
-
Ricky King (born 1946), guitarist and musician
-
Joachim Schuster (born 1962), politician (SDP)
Sport
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Christian Seifert (born 1969), football functionary
-
Andria Lloyd (born 1971), Jamaican sprinter, studied locally, team bronze medalist at the 1996 Summer Olympics
-
Philipp Laux (born 1973), footballer, played 230 games
-
Christian Essig (born 1986), retired footballer, played 295 games
In literature
The plot of the historical novel
The Lenz Papers by
Stefan Heym, published in
London in 1964, is set in Rastatt in 1849, during the failed revolutions in Germany in 1848.
Gallery
Rastatt-Rathaus-04-2018-gje.jpg|Town hall
Rastatt-Murg-04-Wasserturm-Brauerei Franz-2016-gje.jpg|Murg river
Rastatt-Pagodenburg-10-Wasserturm-2006-gje.jpg|Pagodenburg and water tower
Rastatt-Franziskanerkloster-04-2018-gje.jpg|Former Franciscan monastery
Rastatt-Ludwig-Wilhelm-Gymnasium-06-2018-gje.jpg|Ludwig-Wilhelm school
Close Act-Saurus-120-gje.jpg|Street theatre festival
Rastatt-Hopfenschlingel-10-Bierwagen-2017-gje.jpg|Hopfenschlingel beer garden
Rastatt-Schloss Favorite-Hauptfassade-28-2006-gje.jpg|Schloss Favorite
Further reading
External links
