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Quillota is a city located in the valley of the Aconcagua River in Valparaíso Region, Chile. It is the capital and largest city of Quillota Province. It is surrounded by the localities of San Isidro, La Palma, Pocochay, and San Pedro. It is an important agricultural center, mainly because of the plantations of avocado and cherimoya trees.
Quillota is connected to the city of La Calera by the small city of La Cruz. Charles Darwin described the area's agriculture and the landscape in his book The Voyage of the Beagle. In nearby La Campana National Park, there is a plaque at a viewpoint commemorating Darwin's visit.
Later, Quillota was mitma and the capital of Qullasuyu, the southern Inca Empire.
Diego de Almagro arrived in the valley in 1536. scouts led him to a beautiful and fertile valley where the "Quillotas" lived. Before Almagro's arrival, a Spanish soldier from Peru called Gonzalo Calvo de Barrientos had been captured by the Quillotas and lived in the valley, learning the local language and culture during his captivity.
Although Almagro was delighted by the discovery of the valley, the purpose of his journey had been to find gold. Unsuccessful in his objective, he returned to Peru, where he was later executed.
In 1540, Pedro de Valdivia arrived in the Quillota Valley with the title of Governor of Chile. He built farms and houses, mainly for the slaves and the Indians who were working for him. Most of the area presently occupied by Quillota had originally been his property. Valdivia established a fortress between San Pedro and Limache, extracted gold from La Campana Mountain, and cultivated the Rautén Valley, La Palma and Boco. He took the entire area as his personal property, leaving the Mapocho Valley as the capital when he founded Santiago.
In 1585, Quillota was declared the capital of the Corregimiento de Quillota, a large province between Illapel and Casablanca.
In the 16th century, attempts were made to found a village in the Quillota Valley with all the features and requirements ordered by the Spanish Crown, but it did not succeed.
It was only on November 11, 1717, St. Martin's Day, that Quillota was founded. Its original name was "Villa de San Martín de la Concha del Valle de Quillota" (). The city was founded by the bishop, Luis Romero, and the governor, José de Santiago Concha y Salvatierra.
A large part of Quillota's population are descendants of Spanish settlers and mestizos. There are still a few families with lands in the valley given by the Spanish governors.
Given its fertile soil, its commune's economy is mainly agricultural, and it is one of the main production centers in the country.
Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Quillota is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Eduardo Cerda (PDC) and Andrea Molina (UDI) as part of the 10th electoral district, (together with La Ligua, Petorca, Cabildo, Papudo, Zapallar, Puchuncaví, Quintero, Nogales, Calera, La Cruz and Hijuelas). The commune is represented in the Senate by Ignacio Walker (PDC) and Lily Pérez San Martín (RN) as part of the 5th senatorial constituency (Valparaíso-Cordillera).
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