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The Phytomyxea are a class of that are cosmopolitan, obligate biotrophic protist parasites of plants, diatoms, oomycetes and brown algae. They are divided into the orders Plasmodiophorida (ICZN, or Plasmodiophoromycota, ICBN) and Phagomyxida. Plasmodiophore are best known as pathogens or vectors for viruses of arable crops (e.g. club root in Brassicaceae, powdery scab in potatoes, and rhizomania in beets, especially sugar beets and some spinaches).
The vegetative form is a syncytium, called a plasmodium. This ultimately divides to form new spores, which are released when the host's cells burst. Both resting spores and motile , which generally have two smooth flagellum, are produced at different stages. Within the plasmodium, dividing nuclei have a distinctive cross-like appearance.
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