Parmacellidae is a family of air-breathing land , terrestrial pulmonate gastropod within the superfamily Parmacelloidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
This family has no subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
Slugs in this family make and use love darts made of chitin.
Distribution
The distribution of the family Parmacellidae includes the western
Palearctic,
and ranges from the Canary Islands and Europe to Afghanistan.
[ "Family summary for Parmacellidae". AnimalBase, last modified 21 February 2009, accessed 1 September 2010.]
Genera
Genera within family Parmacellidae include:
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Candaharia Godwin-Austen, 1888
[Kantor Yu I., Vinarski M. V., Schileyko A. A. & Sysoev A. V. (published online on December 22, 2009). "CATALOGUE OF THE CONTINENTAL MOLLUSKS OF RUSSIA AND ADJACENT TERRITORIES". Version 2.3.]
-
subgenus Levanderiella Schileyko, 2007
[Schileyko A. A. (2007). " Levanderiella, a new name for Levanderia Likharev et Wiktor, 1980 (Pulmonata, Parmacellidae)". Ruthenica 17(1-2): 84. PDF.]
-
Cryptella Webb & Berthelot, 1833
[ Parmacellidae. Fauna Europaea, accessed 19 November 2009.]
-
Parmacella Cuvier, 1804
Cladogram
The following
cladogram shows the
phylogenic relationship of this family with the other families in the
limacoid clade:
[Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379-390. , JSTOR.]
Further reading
-
Schileyko A. A. (2003). "Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate mollusks. 10. Ariophantidae, Ostracolethaidae, Ryssotidae, Milacidae, Dyakiidae, Staffordiidae, Gastrodontidae, Zonitidae, Daudebardiidae, Parmacellidae". Ruthenica, Supplement 2. 1309–1466.
