Product Code Database
Naswār (Dari and ; ; ), also called nās (ناس), nāsor (ناسور) or nasvāy (نسوای), is a moist, powdered tobacco dip consumed mostly in Afghanistan, as well as in surrounding countries including Pakistan, India, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Naswar is stuffed in the floor of the mouth under the lower lip, or inside the cheek, known as butt style stuffing, for extended periods of time, usually for 15 to 30 minutes. It is similar to dipping tobacco and snus. Swabi, Bannu, Dera Ismail Khan, Charsadda, Mohmand District and Herat are renowned for their production of some of the highest quality Naswar.
Using naswar can cause a various harmful effects such as dental disease, oral cancer, oesophagus cancer, and pancreas cancer, coronary heart disease, as well as negative reproductive effects including stillbirth, premature birth and low birth weight. Naswar poses a lower health risk than traditional combusted products. However it is not a healthy alternative to cigarette smoking. The level of risk varies between different types of products and producing regions. There is no safe level of naswar use. Globally smokeless tobacco products contribute to 650 000 deaths each year.
Nas: tobacco, wood ash, cotton or sesame oil, water, and sometimes gum.US Department of Health and Human Services. Health consequences of using smokeless tobacco: a report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General. Bethesda, Maryland: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 1986.
Naswar: tobacco, slaked lime, indigo, cardamom, oil, menthol, water.
Naswār is made from sun and heat-dried tobacco leaves. These are added to slaked lime, ash from tree bark, and flavoring and coloring agents are mixed together. Water is added and the mixture is rolled into balls.
Currently, in countries of the region naswar is sold in markets, usually on trays with cigarettes and sunflower seeds. The only exception is Turkmenistan, where in 2008 President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow signed a decree banning the production, sale, use and import of naswar.
In 2011, naswar was included in the list of narcotic and psychoactive substances to be controlled in Kazakhstan.
In November 2006, an editorial in the newspaper Daily Times in Pakistan caused some controversy over its allegedly biased representations of Pashtun people predilection for naswar.
Belarusian physicians have reported patients' medical information regarding naswar use to law enforcement agencies. Medvestnik / Газета «Медицинский вестник» In Estonia, naswar is distributed to .
Using naswar can cause a number of adverse health effects such as dental disease, oral cancer, oesophagus cancer and pancreatic cancer, cardiovascular disease, asthma, and deformities in the female reproductive system. It also raises the risk of fatal coronary artery disease, fatal stroke and non-fatal ischaemic heart disease
Quitting naswar use is as challenging as smoking cessation. There is no scientific evidence that using naswar can help a person quit smoking.
All tobacco products, including naswar, contain cancer-causing chemicals. These Carcinogen compounds occurring in naswar vary widely, and depend upon the kind of product and how it was manufactured. There are 28 known cancer-causing substances in smokeless tobacco products.
|
|
