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Nexon Co., Ltd. (formerly ) is a South Korea-Japanese video game developer and publisher specializing in live service games. It develops and publishes titles including , Crazyracing Kartrider, , Dungeon & Fighter, The First Descendant, and . Headquartered in Japan, the company has offices in South Korea, the United States, Taiwan, and Thailand.

Nexon was founded in , South Korea, in 1994 by . In 2005, the company moved its headquarters to , Japan. However, its largest shareholder is an investment and holding company NXC, headquartered in , South Korea.


History
Nexon was established in , South Korea, on December 26, 1994. It developed and published its first title, , in 1996, which the company continues to service. Numerous other games followed, such as Dark Ages: Online Roleplaying, Elemental Saga, QuizQuiz, , Elancia, and ; some of which are maintained by a company spun off of Nexon, .


Acquisition of Wizet
In April 2001, Wizet, a game development company, was established in , South Korea. The company was initially led by Seung-chan Lee, who was previously a lead developer for Nexon's . Wizet would develop and eventually release for Korea in April 2003. Shortly after its release, the game reached a milestone of 100,000 concurrent users and 2 million registered users, according to the company's now-defunct website. Wizet would launch MapleStory in Japan later that year with similar claims of success. In 2004, Nexon acquired Wizet and since then has maintained active development and publishing of .


Acquisition of Neople
Nexon is also the developer of Dungeon & Fighter, through its wholly owned subsidiary, Neople. Dungeon & Fighter is one of the most popular free-to-play online PC games in China.


2010s
Nexon went public on the Tokyo Stock Exchange on December 14, 2011, in an initial public offering, the largest in Japan for 2011 and the second largest by a technological company for 2011 worldwide. In April 2013, the programmer "DrUnKeN ChEeTaH" was sued by Nexon America for operating GameAnarchy, a popular subscription-based cheat provider for Combat Arms. Nexon was awarded $1.4 million in damages.

On March 9, 2016, Nexon acquired Big Huge Games, a mobile game developer in . In October 2018, a labor union was established at Nexon. On January 3, 2019, The Korea Economic Daily reported that Nexon founder Kim Jung-ju and associates had put their 98.64 percent stake up for sale. However, on July 8, 2019, Reuters reported that the plan was abandoned. On November 25, 2019, The Lego Group announced the acquisition of , a Lego fan community from Nexon's parent company NXC, for an unknown price, which is expected to finish before the end of 2019.

In 2019, the company announced plans to acquire , a studio founded by Patrick Söderlund, the former Chief Design Officer of .


2020s
On June 2, 2020, Nexon announced plans to invest $1.5 billion in listed entertainment companies. By March 2021, Nexon had deployed $874 million of that amount on investments into , Bandai Namco Holdings, , and Sega Sammy Holdings. Nexon stated that they had no interest in outright acquiring or taking activist investor positions in these companies.

In a 2021 earnings call, Nexon CEO Owen Mahoney declined to offer hard launch targets for highly anticipated games. In February 2021, Nexon announced significant pay increases for new and existing development talent in the company's Korean studios. In July 2021, Nexon announced the formation of Nexon Film and Television. The division is based in Los Angeles. In January 2022, -owned film production company sold a $400 million minority stake to Nexon, which is valued at $1.1 billion as Nexon takes a 38% stake. In February 2022, it was reported by that Saudi Arabian-based Public Investment Fund had purchased just over a 5% stake in and Nexon, reportedly worth US$883 million, while American investment company KKR acquired an 8.5% stake.

In May 2022, Nexon announced the launch of Mintrocket, a sub-brand and division of Nexon that specializes on games "focusing on the essence of fun". Its first game, Dave the Diver, was a commercial hit, selling one million copies within ten days of launch. According to their own report, the Korean region earned the company the most in Q1–Q2 2022. In late 2023, Nexon announced that CEO Owen Mahoney will be succeeded by Nexon Korea CEO Junghun Lee in 2024. Nexon announced the development of The Kingdom of the Winds 2 on October 30, 2024, the sequel to its first-ever release 28 years ago. Nexon made Mintrocket a wholly owned subsidiary in September 2024.

In July 2024, Pixelberry Studios was acquired to Series Entertainment, for an undisclosed amount.


Lawsuits
In 2018, the company was fined (about ) for giving players false probability information surrounding microtransactions gambling for loot boxes in Sudden Attack. Nexon Korea stated that the phrase "random provision" was to suggest that the odds of obtaining each item were different, not that all of them have equal odds.

In early 2023, Nexon filed a cease and desist letter and a lawsuit against video game studio Ironmace, alleging that they stole files and ideas from Nexon's canceled project called "P3" and used them in their game called Dark and Darker. Nine "P3" project members had left the company and joined Ironmace, which was started soon after the project's cancellation in 2021. According to Ironmace, it is one of these former Nexon employees (who is alleged to have leaked the assets) who is the sued party, and not the company itself. A police complaint filed by Nexon reportedly led to a police raid of Ironmace's offices in March 2023. After the game was removed from Steam, Ironmace distributed it via , made available on the game's server. Nexon also filed a copyright infringement lawsuit in the United States on April 20, 2023. This lawsuit was dismissed on August 17, 2023. The game is subsequently once again available on Steam.

In 2021, a MapleStory user, Kim, sued Nexon for its failure to provide detailed probability information. The Korea Fair Trade Commission reported that Nexon, for a decade, has lowered the probability of players drawing certain character equipment when spending real cash on Cubes ("and setting the probability of winning some Cubes to zero") in MapleStory. The Supreme Court ended up ruling in favor of Kim; they ordered Nexon to give back five percent of the spent money to Kim. Nexon then accepted the Korea Consumer Agency's recommendation to compensate the damaged 800,000 users; the amount of compensated in-game cash equaled to about (). In 2024, the company was fined by the Korea Fair Trade Commission for a record-breaking () fee for misleading players over microtransactions in MapleStory, which violated South Korea's Act on Consumer Protection in Electronic Commerce.


Organization
Nexon maintains various offices around the world that engage in the publishing and/or development of Nexon's games. Each region's local consolidated subsidiaries are independently managed and are responsible for developing their own strategy for their products and services.

+ Major Nexon group companies ! Region !! Company name
Nexon Co., Ltd.; gloops, Inc.
Nexon Korea Corporation; Neople Inc.; Nexon Games Co., Ltd.; JoongAng Pangyo Development Co., Ltd.; Mirae Asset Global Innovation Growth Focus Equity Privately Placed Investment Trust; VIP Global Super Growth Hedge Fund
Lexian Software Development (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
Nexon America Inc.; Big Huge Games, Inc.
Nexon Europe ; gloops Vietnam Co., Ltd.; Nexon Taiwan Ltd.; Nexon Thailand Co., Ltd.


Studios
+ ! colspan="2"Studios !Location !Founded/acquired !Notes
Nexon KoreaSeoul, KoreaDecember 1994
Nitro Studios2020previously Nexon Korea Internal Teams
devCat2020
Mintrocket2024
Nexon GamesNexon Games SeoulJuly 2010previously known as NAT Games
MX Studio Was under NAT Games during their buyout and rebrand, develops Blue Archive and other Japanese-inspired "" games
RX Studio2024
IO Division 2024Acts as an umbrella company to help other Nexon games that target "", as well as direct management support for both MX Studio and RX Studio's live service bishoujo games.
Nexon Games PangyoPangyo-dong, Seongnam, Gyeonggi Province, KoreaJune 2018previously Nexon GT
NeopleJeju City, KoreaAugust 2008
Stockholm, SwedenJuly 2019
Big Huge GamesTimonium, Maryland, United StatesMarch 2016


Free-to-play online virtual worlds
As of August 2022, Nexon Virtual Worlds' most valuable entertainment franchises are:
Dungeon & Fighter2005+ 850 million> $20 billion
2003+ 180 million> $3 billion
KartRider2004+ 380 million > $1 billion
2005+ 23 million> $0.7 billion
1996+ 26 millionN/A
Mabinogi2004+ 20 million> $0.6 billion


Games for mobile and consoles
Nexon began as a developer and publisher of PC games. However, in 2020, the company announced plans to begin releasing both console and mobile versions of key franchises.

In 2017, Nexon previously published for PlayStation 4 from Boss Key Productions. In July 2020, the South Korean launch of The Kingdom of the Winds: Yeon for mobile was the top-grossing title on the Apple App Store and #2 on , 24 years after the launch of the initial The Kingdom of the Winds game in 1996. In August 2020, the release of Dungeon & Fighter Mobile in China generated more than 60 million pre-registrations before it was delayed.

Nexon operates in over 190 countries, but revenue and consumer engagement are concentrated in Asian markets. In 2021, the company announced a series of games in development for global release – with a focus on Europe and North America. Mahoney stated that they hoped to launch big titles with a 'Western sensibility', such as the game from . In March 2022, Dungeon & Fighter Mobile was released in South Korea, and later in China in May 2022. It has announced that it will be publishing ARC Raiders, The First Descendant, Project AK, and for both PlayStation 4 and in around 2025.


Games
1996Nexon KoreaNexon
1999Elancia
Dark Ages
2001Asgard
2003Nexon (KR, JP, NA, EU)
Asiasoft/Playpark (SEA)
Gamania (Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau)
Shengqu Games (China)
EU and NA services were merged in 2016 to operate under Nexon America.
Known in China as "Adventure Island Online"
SoftmaxNexon
2004Crazyracing KartriderNexon KoreaAlso known in short as KartRider
Servers closed in March 2023 as Nexon Korea has shifted their focus to
MabinogidevCAT
2005Nexon GT (now Nexon Games)
Dungeon Fighter OnlineNeopleNexon (KR and JP) Neople (Global)
2007NexonPublishing for Korea only (KOG to handle the Global server)
2008Counter-Strike OnlineNexon
Valve
NexonServer closed in November 2017; while the Global server was carried by VALOFE in both Reloaded and Classic version
2009Crazy Shooting Bubble Fighter
2010devCATAlso known in Asia as Mabinogi Heroes; prequel to Mabinogi, the original game
Nexon to share the publishing rights in Korea (ENP Games handles the KR server, while Eyedentity Games handles the rest of Global, ex. Chinese territories)
2011CyphersNeople
2012FIFA Online 3Publishing for Korea only
2013XL GamesNexon to share the publishing rights in Korea (XL Games was later brought by )
Final Fantasy XIVSquare Enix Business Division 5Nexon to share the publishing rights in Korea (Actoz Soft now handles the KR server)
Counter-Strike Online 2Nexon
Valve
NexonServers closed in April 2018
2014FreeStyle 2JOYCITYPublishing for Korea only
ClosersNaddic GamesPublishing for Korea only (Naddic Games to handle the Global server)
Monster SquadNexon GT
Timecast
Mobile game
Servers closed in December 2016
2015Nexon
Big Huge Games
Mobile game
Publishing rights was handed over to Big Huge Games in 2020
MapleStory 2NSquareBoth the Japanese and Global servers closed in early 2020, with Korea as the only server available
2016Tree of SaviorIMC GamesPublishing for Korea only (IMC Games to handle the Global server)
Sudden Attack 2Nexon GTKorean server closed shortly after launch following the controversy
Nexon (licensed from )The game was never fully released
NeopleServer closed first in Japan on November 29, 2017; with the Global server closing a few days later (December 6, 2017)
2017: UnleashedXPEC Entertainment (licensed from )Mobile game
Server closed in March 2020
Dark Avenger 3Boolean GamesMobile game
Boss Key ProductionsReleased as the debut title from 's new studio. Servers closed in late 2018 with Nexon currently retaining the IP rights.
AxE (Alliance vs Empire)Nexon REDMobile game Server closed in June 2022
2018Darkness RisesNexonMobile game launched in June 2018; server closed on November 30, 2022
Durango: Wild LandsNexon
What! Studio
Mobile game
Server closed on October 16, 2019
FIFA Online 4Publishing for Korea only
MapleStory MNexon
2019Publishing for Korea only (KOG to handle the Global server)
Godzilla Defense ForceNeople
Studio 42
Mobile game
Crazy Arcade BnB MNexon
2020KartRider Rush+Mobile game
V4NAT Games (now Nexon Games)Cross-platform (PC and Mobile)
Server closed on March 20, 2024
The Kingdom of the Winds: YeonNexon KoreaMobile game
Currently available in Korea
FIFA MobileNexon (JP and KR)Mobile game
2021IO Division; MX Studio (under NAT Games, rebranded to Nexon Games)Nexon (Global, ex. JP and CN) (CN & JP only)Real Time Strategy mobile game PC client launched Summer 2025

MX Studio was not placed under IO Division until the brand was formed in 2024

SumzapNexon (Global, ex. JP)Mobile game
Publishing rights was handed over to Sesisoft from June 1, 2023.
2022Dungeon & Fighter MobileNeopleNexonMobile game
Currently available in Korea
Arc System Works

Neople
Also available on PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5
Nominated for The Game Awards 2022 Best Fighting Game
Argent Twilight: Secrets Of The Dark Orbs Mobile game
Currently available in Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong and Canada
: Second Run Mobile game
Currently available in Japan
MapleStory WorldsNexon KoreaCross-platform (PC and Mobile)
Only available in Korea
2023Nitro StudiosCross-platform (PlayStation 4, , PC, and Mobile)
Dave the DiverMintrocketMintrocketFor PC and ; also available on /Nintendo Switch 2, PlayStation 4/PlayStation 5 and /Xbox Series X/S
WarhavenNexon KoreaNexonServer closing in April 2024
EA Sports FC MobileNexon (JP and KR)Mobile game; FIFA Mobile successor
EA Sports FC OnlineEA SpearheadNexonPublishing for Korea only; FIFA Online 4 successor.
Embark StudiosS, and )
Dynasty Warriors MNeobards Entertainment (licensed from )NexonMobile game
2024The First DescendantNexon GamesNexon
2025NeopleNexonMulti-platform Single-Player ARPG (PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X, and )
Embark StudiosS, and )
rowspan="9"Nakwon: Last ParadiseMintrocketMintrocket
Wakerunners
Mabinogi MobiledevCATNexon
OVERKILLNeople
MapleStory NNexon KoreaPC version of MapleStory that uses technology
Vindictus: Defying Fate
Project DXNexon KRBased on Durango: Wild Lands
Project RXIO Division; RX Studio (MX Studio sister branch)Nexon (expected)"Subculture" game in the same style as Blue Archive, but in a different creative universe
Nexon KRChinese open world gacha RPG game being published by Nexon for the Korean region in place of the developer themselves. Feeds into "subculture" otaku appeal. Expected to be self published in other non-Asian regions without Nexon involvement.


See also
  • Nexon Computer Museum


External links

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