Merauke is a large town ( kelurahan) and an administrative district ( distrik) in Merauke Regency of South Papua Province, Indonesia. It is also the administrative centre of Merauke Regency, and is considered to be the easternmost city in Indonesia, although it currently lacks city status. The town was originally called Ermasoe. A Dictionary of the Aneityumese Language: In Two Parts, I. Aneityumese and English, II. English and Aneityumese; Also, Outlines of Aneityumese Grammar, and an Introduction by John Inglis, Williams & Norgate, 1882
Merauke is next to the Maro River where the Port of Merauke is located. Port of Merauke Merauke District covers a land area of 500.41 km2, and had a population of 87,634 at the 2010 Census.Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. which at the 2020 Census had increased to 102,351;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 116,864 (comprising 60,068 males and 56,796 females).Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, Kabupaten Merauke Dalam Angka 2025 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.9401)
Merauke was the site of an Allied air and naval base, Naval Base Merauke, during World War II and there was ground fighting between Australian and Japanese patrols in the area.
The first Christian church in Merauke was completed in 1940, but it was destroyed in 1942.
The expression "Sabang to Merauke" is used as shorthand for the territorial extent of Indonesia from west to east, for instance in the name of Sabang Merauke Raya Air Charter. For instance, President Suharto stated in 1968 that "independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity from Sabang to Merauke are for the Indonesian people matters of principle".
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Nasem, Wasur, Bokem and Nggolare villages ( desa) are rural areas to the north and east of the urban area.
Merauke District is flanked to the west by Semangga District, which forms part of the metropolitan area of Merauke;
Semangga District is sub-divided into 10 rural villages (all rated as desa).Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2025, Distrik Semangga Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.9401041)
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