Mengelberg is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
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Augustin Mengelberg (1710–1763), abbot of Kloster Heisterbach
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Egidius Mengelberg (1770–1849), German portrait painter
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Friedrich Wilhelm Mengelberg (1837–1919), German-Dutch sculptor, grandson of Egidius Mengelberg
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Heinrich Otto Mengelberg (1841–1891), German sculptor, brother of Friedrich Wilhelm Mengelberg
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Karel Mengelberg (1902–1984), Dutch composer and music writer, nephew of Willem Mengelberg
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Käthe Bauer-Mengelberg (1894–1968), German sociologist, sister of Rudolf Mengelberg
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Misha Mengelberg (1935–2017), Dutch jazz pianist and composer, son of Karel Mengelberg
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Otto Mengelberg (1817–1890), German portrait and historical painter, son of Egidius Mengelberg
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Otto Maria Maximiliaan Mengelberg (1868–1934), Dutch sculptor and stained-glass artist, son of Friedrich Wilhelm Mengelberg
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Rudolf Mengelberg (1892–1959), Dutch composer, musicologist and chief executive of the Concertgebouw Orchestra, nephew of Willem Mengelberg
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Willem Mengelberg (1871–1951), Dutch conductor of the Concertgebouw Orchestra, son of Friedrich Wilhelm Mengelberg
