Margarya is a genus of large operculate , Aquatic animal gastropod in the family Viviparidae.[Bouchet, P. (2014). Margarya G. Nevill, 1877. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=758767 on 2014-12-10]
Taxonomy
The genus
Margarya was described by Nevill (1877) based on shells of the type species collected by A.R. Margary from Lake Erhai, the type locality of
Margarya melanioides.
Based on shell and radular morphology, Tchang & Tsi (1949) revised this genus for the first time and recognized seven distinct species.
He created two subgenera of
Margarya, viz
Tchangmargarya and
Mabillemargarya.
The first molecular phylogeny showed that the genus
Margarya is
polyphyletic and divided into three distinct clades.
Combining study of comparative morphology and molecular phylogeny, Zhang
et al. revised the systematics of
Margarya and recognized eight genuine extant species. However, only four species were found belonging to
Margarya s. str., the rest species belonging to distinct genus
Tchangmargarya or
Anularya.
Distribution
This genus appear to be endemic to
Dian Lake,
Erhai Lake,
Cibi Lake,
Jianhu Lake,
Xihu Lake, and
Lugu Lake in
Yunnan Province in the China.
Species
There are 4 extant species and 4 fossil species of
Margarya s. str.
and
Margarya mansuyi are transferred to
Anularya.
Margarya yangtsunghaiensis is transferred to
Tchangmargarya.
Species within the genus
Margarya include 8 species:
-
(extant) Margarya francheti (Mabille, 1886)
-
(extant) Margarya melanioides Nevill, 1877 - type species
-
(extant) Margarya monodi (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1905)
-
(extant) Margarya oxytropoides (Heude, 1889)
[Heude P. M. (1882–1890). Notes sur les mollusques terrestres de la Vallée du Fleuve Bleu. Mémoires concernant l′histoire naturelle de l′Empire chinois 1: 1–188.]
-
(fossil) Margarya spinicostata Li, 1987
-
(fossil) Margarya angulata Li, 1987
-
(fossil) Margarya nana Huang, 1986
-
(fossil) Margarya nanningensis Tian, Fuersich & Schneider 2013
Species brought into synonymy:
-
Margarya carinata (Neumayr, 1887): synonym of Margarya melanioides Nevill, 1877
-
Vivipara delavayi (Mabille, 1886): synonym of Margarya melanioides Nevill, 1877
-
Margarya tropidophora (Mabille, 1886): synonym of Margarya francheti (Mabille, 1886)
-
Cipangopaludina dianchiensis Zhang, 1990: synonym of Margarya oxytropoides (Heude, 1889)
-
Margarya melanioides dianchiensis Huang, 2007: synonym of Margarya oxytropoides (Heude, 1889)
-
Margarya elongata Tchang & Tsi, 1949: synonym of Margarya monodi (Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1905)
-
Margarya tchangsii Xia, 1982: synonym of Margarya monodi (Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1905)
-
Margarya yangtsunghaiensis Tchang & Tsi, 1949: synonym of Tchangmargarya yangtsunghaiensis (Tchang & Tsi, 1949)
-
Margarya yini (Tchang & Tsi, 1982): synonym of Margarya monodi (Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1905)
Cladogram
The cladogram based on sequences of mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA and cytochrome-c oxidase I (COI), and nuclear ITS2 genes showing the phylogenic relationships of the genus
Margarya indicates that
Margarya is
polyphyletic.
Margarya as traditionally delimited decayed into three distinct clades. The sister lineages of two of these clades are representatives from different viviparid genera, which are widely distributed in East and Southeast Asian rivers and lakes. These predominantly riparian viviparids also differ markedly in their shell morphology. Herein only genus-level phylogenic relationship is given, whereas relationship between lower taxonomic units deserve further study.
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