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Khatun ( ) is a title of the female counterpart to a khan or a of the .


Etymology and history
Before the advent of Islam in Central Asia, Khatun was the title of the queen of . According to the Encyclopaedia of Islam, "Khatun is a title of origin borne by the wives and female relatives of the Göktürks and subsequent Turkish rulers."

According to Bruno De Nicola in Women in Mongol Iran: The Khatuns, 1206–1335, the linguistic origins of the term "khatun" are unknown, though possibly of Old Turkic or Sogdian origin. De Nicola states that prior to the spread of the Mongols across Central Asia, Khatun meant 'lady' or 'noblewoman' and is found in broad usage in medieval Persian and Arabic texts.

(2025). 9781474415477, Edinburgh University Press.

Peter Benjamin Golden observed that the title qatun appeared among the Göktürks as the title for the 's wife and was borrowed from xwāten "wife of the ruler"Peter Benjamin Golden (1998), "Turks and Iranians: An historical sketch" in

(2025). 9781136825347, Taylor & Francis. .
, page 5 Earlier, British (1891–1974) defined xa:tun as "'lady' and the like" and says there is "no reasonable doubt that it is taken from Sogdian xwt'yn ( xwatēn), in Sogdian xwt'y ('lord, ruler') and xwt'yn 'lord's or ruler's wife'), "which is precisely the meaning of xa:tun in the early period."
(1972). 9780198641124, Clarendon Press. .


Modern usage
In , the language spoken in modern-day Bukhara, in , the word is spelled and has come to simply refer to any woman. In , it is written . The general Turkish word for 'woman', , is a doublet derived from the same origin.Clauson, p. 602.


Notable Khatuns


Valide Hatun
Valide Hatun was the title held by the "legal mother" of a ruling Sultan of the before the 16th century.

By the beginning of the 16th century, the title hatun for sultan's mother, princesses, and sultan's main consort was replaced by "" and they started to carry it after their given names. This usage underlines the Ottoman conception of sovereign power as family prerogative.

(1993). 9780195076738, Oxford University Press, Inc.
Consequently, the title valide hatun also turned into .


List of valide hatuns
Nilüfer Hatunنیلوفر خاتونunknownMarch 1362 son's ascension1363 (son)
Gülçiçek Hatunكلچیچك خاتونMaria16 June 1389 son's ascension (son)
دولت خاتونunknownunknown5 July 1413 son's ascension26 May 1421 son's death1422 (son)
امینہ خاتونEmineDulkadirid26 May 1421 son's ascension

August 1444

(son)
September 1446 son's reinstatement

1449
Hüma Hatun
هما خاتون
Stella or EstherdisputedAugust 1444 son's first ascensionSeptember 1446 (son)
Mara Despina HatunMaraSerbian1457 Her return to Ottoman's court on Mehmed's invite3 May 1481 Mehmed's death (stepson)
Gülbahar Hatun گل بھار مکرمه خاتونunknown o 3 May 1481 son's ascension1492 (son)


Given name
  • Ayşe Hatun Önal, Turkish model
  • Hatun Sürücü, German murder victim
  • , Bangladeshi-born British judge


See also


Notes

Citations

Sources
Works cited


Further reading
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