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Joanna Macy
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Mary Joanne Rogers Macy (May 2, 1929 – July 19, 2025), known as Joanna Macy, was an American environmental activist, author and scholar of , and . She was married to Francis Underhill Macy, the activist and Russian scholar who founded the Center for Safe Energy.


Life and career
Macy was born Mary Joanne Rogers in Los Angeles on May 2, 1929, and was brought up in New York City. Macy credits poet and activist with starting her on the path to becoming a poet and writer herself. When she was a high school student in New York City, she cut school and took the train from to in order to attend a by Rukeyser; the hall was already full to capacity when Joanna arrived, but Rukeyser invited her to come onto the stage and sit at her feet during the reading. In 1953, she married Francis Macy, who died in 2009; the couple had three children.

Macy graduated from Wellesley College in 1950 and received her Ph.D. in religious studies in 1978 from Syracuse University, Syracuse. Her doctoral work, under the mentorship of Ervin László, focused on convergences between causation in and the Buddhist central doctrine of mutual causality or interdependent co-arising.

Macy was an international spokesperson for causes, peace, justice, and , most renowned for her book Coming Back to Life: Practices to Reconnect Our Lives, Our World and the Great Turning initiative, which deals with the transformation from, as she terms it, an industrial growth society to what she considers to be a more sustainable civilization. She created a theoretical framework for personal and social change, and a workshop methodology for its application. Her work addressed psychological and spiritual issues, Buddhist thought, and contemporary science.

Macy died in Berkeley, California on July 19, 2025, at the age of 96, from complications following a fall.


Key influences
Macy first encountered Buddhism in 1965 while working with refugees in northern India, particularly the Ven. 8th Khamtrul Rinpoche, Sister , Ven. Dugu Choegyal Rinpoche, and Tokden Antrim of the Tashi Jong community. Her spiritual practice was drawn from the tradition of Nyanaponika Thera and Rev. Sivali of , Munindraji of , and Dhiravamsa of .

Key formative influences to her teaching in the field of the connection to living systems theory were who introduced her to systems theory through his writings (especially Introduction to Systems Philosophy and Systems, Structure and Experience), and who worked with her as advisor on her doctoral dissertation (later adapted as Mutual Causality) and on a project for the Club of Rome. , through his Steps to an Ecology of Mind and in a summer seminar, also shaped her thought, as did the writings of Ludwig von Bertalanffy, , and . She was influenced in the studies of biological systems by , and economic systems by . provided insights on the planetary consequences of runaway systems, and Elisabet Sahtouris provided further information about self-organizing systems in evolutionary perspective.


Work
Macy traveled giving lectures, workshops, and trainings internationally. Her work, originally called "Despair and Empowerment Work", was acknowledged as being part of the tradition after she encountered the work of Arne Naess and , but as a result of disillusion with academic disputes in the field, she called it "the Work that Reconnects". Widowed by the death of her husband, Francis Underhill Macy, in January 2009, she lived in Berkeley, California, near her children and grandchildren. She served as adjunct professor to three graduate schools in the San Francisco Bay Area: the Starr King School for the Ministry, the University of Creation Spirituality, and California Institute of Integral Studies, where she was still on the faculty.


Writings


See also
  • , a collaborator with Macy on the Great Turning Initiative


External links

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