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Guyenne or Guienne ( , ; ) was an old French province which corresponded roughly to the Roman province of Aquitania Secunda and the Catholic archdiocese of Bordeaux.
By the 1360 Treaty of Brétigny, King Edward III of England acquired the full sovereignty of the duchy of Guyenne, together with Aunis, Saintonge, Angoumois, and Poitou. Soon after, the victories of Bertrand du Guesclin and Gaston III, Count of Foix, restored the duchy to its 13th-century limits. In 1451, it was conquered and finally united to the French crown by CharlesVII. In 1469, Louis XI gave it in exchange for the territories of Champagne and Brie to his brother Charles, Duke of Berry, after whose death in 1472 it again became part of the royal domain.
Guyenne then formed a government ( gouvernement général) which from the 17th century onwards was united with Gascony. In 1779, Louis XVI convened the provincial assemblies of Guyenne and considered expanding the assembly to other provinces, but abandoned this idea after experiencing the opposition of the privileged classes in Guyenne. The government of Guyenne and Gascony ( Guienne et Gascogne), with its capital at Bordeaux, lasted until the end of the Ancien Régime in 1792. Under the French Revolution, the departments formed from Guyenne proper were those of Gironde, Lot-et-Garonne, Dordogne, Lot, Aveyron and the chief part of Tarn-et-Garonne.
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