According to the Book of Joshua, it was given as a Levitical city to the Kohathites.; ; Gibbethon is not mentioned in the parallel list of Levitical cities in the first Book of Chronicles:
However, in it was recorded as being a city of the Philistines. Nadab, the second king of the northern Kingdom of Israel, besieged Gibbethon. During the siege, Baasha the son of Ahijah, a member of the tribe of Issachar, killed King Nadab of Israel and made himself king, reigning over the northern kingdom for 24 years.
John James Blunt, in his Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings both of the Old and New Testaments (1882), suggested that "the place had been deserted by the Levites, in the general exodus to Judah, so that the Philistines availed themselves of the opportunity to seize and fortify it".Blunt, J. J. (1882). Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings both of the Old and New Testaments, quoted in Pulpit Commentary: 1 Kings 15. Accessed via biblehub.com, 21 September 2015
Israeli archaeologist Benjamin Mazar located it in 1960 in a region to the north of the Nahal Sorek,Mazar, B., The Cities of the Territory of Dan, Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 10, No. 2 (1960), pp. 65-77 possibly at Tel Malot,Spivak, Polina: "Tel Malot: Final Report." Hadashot Arkheologiyot: Excavations and Surveys in Israel, vol. 129, 2017, p.1-11 located northwest of the city of Beit Shemesh and due west of the city of Gezer.
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