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Exmouth is a port town, civil parish, and seaside resort located on the east bank at the mouth of the River Exe, approximately southeast of Exeter, in the county of Devon, England.
According to the 2021 Census, Exmouth has a population of 35,488, making it the fifth largest settlement in Devon by population.
Historically known as a popular seaside resort, Exmouth is noted for its long sandy beaches, marina, and watersports opportunities, attracting visitors when the weather's nice. It also serves as a commuter town for nearby Exeter.
The two ecclesiastical parishes that now make up Exmouth – Littleham and Withycombe Raleigh
Open Domesday: Withycombe (Raleigh). Accessed 9 Oct 2022. – can be traced back to before Saxon times. The name "Exmouth" comes from its position at the mouth of the River Exe estuary. The word "Exe" itself comes from an old Celtic word meaning "fish". For many centuries, the parishes were part of the East Budleigh Hundred.
In 1240, an area known as Pratteshuthe Ecclesiastical antiquities in Devon by George Oliver & John Pike Jones, , (meaning Pratt’s landing place) was sold to the mayor and citizens of Exeter. This was the site of the estuary’s ferry dock. Over time, the name changed to Pratteshide, and later became known as Mona Island. Today, the site is marked by a seating area outside the Glenorchy United Reformed Church, near the Magnolia Shopping Centre.
For many years, trade through the port was limited—partly because of shallow waters near the quay, but mostly because the city of Exeter owned the dock and controlled all traffic on the estuary. The roads in and out of the area were in poor condition and only occasionally repaired by the parishes they passed through. A more permanent dock was built in 1825, replacing a series of earlier, likely seasonal, docks first seen on maps from 1576 marked as "The Docke". New docks, designed by Eugenius Birch, opened in 1868, and a short railway line connected them to the goods yard.
In earlier times, people found it difficult to settle in the estuary area because of the harsh, exposed conditions. Instead, settlements were more permanent in the more sheltered rural areas nearby. Exmouth started to grow in the 13th century. The land was owned by Morin Uppehille, who gave part of it to a man called John the Miller. John built a windmill on the exposed headland, where he made a living helped by the strong south-west winds. A small cluster of farms, the ferry dock, and the windmill eventually developed into what we now know as Exmouth.
Sir Walter Raleigh (born 1544) began several of his sea voyages from Exmouth Harbour.
In the mid-17th century, the area was attacked by so-called "Turkish pirates" (actually Algerian corsairs), who raided the coasts of Devon and Cornwall. They targeted ships and attempted to capture sailors and villagers to sell as slaves in North Africa.
The town became more established in the 18th century and is considered the oldest seaside resort in Devon. With travel to mainland Europe disrupted by the troubles in France, visitors came for the sea views and the popular Mineral spa, believed to have healing properties. Exmouth gained a reputation as a place where wealthy people went to improve their health. Notable visitors included Lady Byron and her daughter Ada Lovelace. Lady Nelson, the estranged wife of Lord Nelson, also lived in Exmouth and is buried in Littleham Churchyard.
For many years, Exmouth attracted high-class tourists. This changed in 1861 when the railway reached the town, making it accessible to many more people and starting a boom in mass tourism. Much of the town’s current layout dates from this "golden age".
The Maer, a large grassed area behind the seafront, became an important part of the town’s leisure history. Exmouth Golf Club was first established there in 1885, initially as a nine-hole course. By 1914 the course had been expanded to 18 holes, though parts were temporarily ploughed for food production during the First World War, before being restored in 1922. The course remained popular through the 1920s and 1930s, but after the Second World War the club declined and finally closed in the early 1950s.
The former golf clubhouse was repurposed in 1957 as the site of Exmouth Zoo, which occupied the building and surrounding land. The zoo closed in 1980, and the site was subsequently redeveloped for amusement facilities on Queen’s Drive. The Maer itself was retained as public open space and later designated a Local Nature Reserve.
During the Second World War, Exmouth’s seafront was heavily militarised, with anti-invasion defences including gun batteries, barbed wire, and concrete obstacles. After the war, sand dunes formed around some of these structures, stabilised in places with marram grass, and became a familiar feature of The Maer and Queen’s Drive. By the early 21st century, however, storms and tidal action had eroded most of the dune system. Following major losses in 2004 and 2014, East Devon District Council and Natural England concluded that restoration was not feasible, and attention shifted to alternative coastal defence measures.
The town’s post-war history also included the closure of older sewage outfalls and the construction of a modern treatment plant, as well as major sea defences and promenade improvements carried out in the late 20th and early 21st centuries in response to ongoing coastal change. Exmouth has continued to grow as a residential, leisure, and commuter town while maintaining its role as a popular seaside destination.
The majority of buildings in Exmouth were constructed during the Victorian era, particularly after the arrival of the railway in 1861. The area to the west of Exeter Road was reclaimed land, as Exeter Road originally ran along the seafront. Some houses near the station in Littleham were built for railway workers. Victorian architecture in Exmouth is characterised by brick and stone façades, bay windows, slate roofs, and decorative ironwork.
Modern development in the 20th century added residential estates, civic infrastructure, and holiday flats, while conservation policies have protected terraces, villas, and the seafront to maintain the town’s character.
Geologically, the low hill known as "The Beacon", in the centre of the present town, is formed of that are an outcrop of a similar formation on the west side of the Exe estuary. The rising land on which the town has grown is formed of New Red Sandstone. This solid land is surrounded by mudflats and sandspits, some of which have been stabilised and now form part of the land on which the town is built, and some of which remain as tidal features in the estuary and off the coast. The outflow from the river flows eastwards, parallel to the beach for some distance, limited by sandbanks that are exposed at low tide. Many of the buildings on the reclaimed land are fitted with pumps to extract water from their basements during high tide.
From this station the Royal National Lifeboat Institution operates a Shannon Class all-weather lifeboat (ALB) R and J Welburn (previously a All Weather Lifeboat (ALB) named Margaret Jean) and Inshore Lifeboat (ILB) named George Bearman. The latter was replaced in 2017 by the D-Class Inshore Lifeboat George Bearman II.
The old boathouse was retained as a base for the RNLI until 2014, when it became the headquarters of the Exmouth Rowing Club.
Other active Christian churches include Christ Church Exmouth, Hope Church, Glenorchy United Reformed Church, Tower Street Methodism, Ichthus Community Church, Exmouth Baptists, Exmouth Salvation Army, and Holy Ghost Catholic Church Church.
Local radio stations are BBC Radio Devon on 104.3 FM, Heart West on 97.0 FM, Greatest Hits Radio South West on 105.5 FM and East Devon Radio, a community based radio station which broadcast to the town on 106.4 FM.
Exmouth's local newspaper, the Exmouth Journal, is published on Thursdays.
There have been three railway stations at Exmouth. The line first reached Exmouth from Exeter in 1861. In the first five days 10,000 people travelled on the line and property prices increased overnight. By the 1880s commuter traffic to Exeter was considerable. In 1903 a link to Budleigh Salterton was opened the line going eastward over a viaduct which went from Exeter Road to Park Road where it entered a cutting continuing onto Littleham Cross where there was also a station (now a private residence), and from there to Budleigh Salterton, there turning north to rejoin the main London and South Western Railway line. Exmouth Station was rebuilt in 1926. When the line to Budleigh was lifted the viaduct was left in place for many years, with its final destruction in the late 1980s. Housing marks its position now.
The route of the line continued behind Phear Park, which was once the grounds of a large house belonging to the Phear family, used during the Second World War to station US soldiers. Shortly after the war the house was burnt down and left derelict; eventually it too was demolished, and its grounds were given to the town by the Phear family to become a park. The old railway line behind Phear Park was just left as a bare trackbed for many years. At its far end there was a deep cutting to Littleham, which was filled in when the line was closed. The trackbed has now been tarmacked and now forms an off-road cycle way and footpath from Exmouth to Knowle, close to Budleigh Salterton.
The latest station was built in 1981 beside the bus station and is a single platform station. It also has a pay and display car park for rail users.
Stagecoach South West operate several, frequent bus services in and around the town, including the 57 Stagecoach Gold service to Brixington in one direction, and Lympstone, Topsham, and Exeter in the other direction. This service runs every 15 minutes. Another popular Stagecoach service is the 95 summer service to Sandy Bay Holiday Park. This is usually operated by an open top bus, and runs every hour.
(1992). 9781873793008, Middleton Press. ISBN 9781873793008 A lively community of around 125 chalets once stood near the docks along the shoreline, but these were later replaced by the Exmouth Quay residential marina.
Architecture
Exmouth has a wide range of architecture, ranging from small cob cottages in parts of the town that were once villages, such as Withycombe, to the Georgian, Victorian and Edwardian townhouses. The seafront features a traditional promenade, while the Beacon Terrace above the promenade became fashionable in Georgian times.
Conservation areas
Several areas of Exmouth have been designated as conservation areas to preserve historic character:
Listed buildings
Exmouth contains a number of listed buildings, reflecting its historic and architectural significance:
Demography and economy
In addition to its substantial summer tourist trade, Exmouth serves as a regional centre for leisure industries, particularly water sports such as sailing, kite sailing, paddleboarding, jet-skiing, and wind-surfing, and outdoor activities such as birding, cycling and walking. The Exe Estuary is a Site of Special Scientific Interest and is noted in particular for its wading and migrating birds. A large part of the estuary lies within a nature reserve. Exmouth marks the western end of the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site, which stretches eastwards along the coast to Poole, in Dorset; the South West Coast Path allows for walking along this coast. The town is also at the western end of the East Devon Way path that leads to Lyme Regis.
Education
Exmouth has eight primary schools, one secondary school, and a school for deaf pupils.
Primary schools
Secondary school
Special school
The Deaf Academy is an independent special school run by the Exeter Royal Academy for Deaf Education, a registered charity. It provides education for deaf pupils aged 5 to 16 years, with further education post-16 and residential places. Exeter Royal Academy for Deaf Education purchased the former Rolle College site in 2016 and developed it into a state-of-the-art deaf education centre. In 2020, newly rebranded as The Deaf Academy, the school completed the move from Exeter to Exmouth.
Further and higher education
The site had previously been Rolle College, which opened in 1946, and later became the Exmouth campus of the University of Plymouth. In 2008, the University decided to close the campus. The closure was discussed in Parliament by the local MP, Hugo Swire.
Geography
The town is defined by the sea and river frontages (each about a mile long), and stretches around 2.5 miles (4 km) inland, along a north-easterly axis. The docks lie at the western corner of this rectangle, where the river passes through a narrow passage into the sea, the mouth of the estuary being nearly closed by Dawlish Warren on the opposite shore of the river. Dawlish Warren is a natural sand spit and is home to rare wildlife and plants, part of which is a nature reserve and restricted access. The sea frontage forms a sandy two mile long beach; at its eastern end, the town is limited by the cliffs of the High Land of Orcombe, a National Trust-owned open space which rises to a peak at Orcombe Point.
Government
Administratively Exmouth lies within the East Devon district, along with neighbouring coastal towns east of the Exe. It has its own town council, presided over by a mayor who is elected each year by the councillors. It is based at Exmouth Town Hall. The Council consists of 25 town councillors across the Town's five wards, supported by a team of 13 staff, headed up by the Town Clerk, who is the council's senior paid officer. The Town Council is responsible for the delivery of a wide range of services and assets in the town.
Landmarks
Exmouth boasts a rich tapestry of historic and natural landmarks that reflect its maritime heritage and geological significance.
A La Ronde
A La Ronde is a Grade I listed, 16-sided house built in 1796 by cousins Jane and Mary Parminter. Located on Summer Lane, it is renowned for its unique architecture and eclectic interior, featuring shell-encrusted galleries and a central octagonal hall. The house is now managed by the National Trust and offers insights into the Parminters' Grand Tour of Europe.
Queen Victoria Diamond Jubilee Clock Tower
Situated on Exmouth's Esplanade, the Jubilee Clock Tower was erected in 1897 to commemorate Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee. This Grade II listed structure stands as a testament to the town's Victorian heritage and continues to be a focal point for both locals and visitors.
National Coastwatch Institution Tower
The red-brick tower above the Harbour View Café on Exmouth seafront was completed in 1896 for the Exmouth Yacht Club. Over the years, it has served various purposes, including as a bathing house and convalescent home. Since 1998, it has functioned as a lookout station for the National Coastwatch Institution, providing maritime safety monitoring along the coastline.
Geo Needle at Orcombe Point
Orcombe Point marks the western end of the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site. Here stands the Geo Needle, a five-metre-high obelisk made of Portland stone, unveiled in 2002. The structure features inlaid panels representing rocks from the Triassic, Jurassic, and C
Lifeboats
Exmouth's first lifeboat was provided in 1803. A boathouse was built near Passage House but was washed away in a storm in 1814. The Royal National Lifeboat Institution revived the lifeboat station in 1858. A new boathouse was built near the beach, although the lifeboat had to be taken across the road before it could be launched. This boathouse was demolished and a new one built on the same site in 1903 to accommodate a larger lifeboat. From 1961 the lifeboat was kept afloat in the river near the entrance to Exmouth Docks. A boarding boat was kept on a davit that was lowered into the water to ferry the crew to the lifeboat. The old lifeboat station by the beach was retained as a fund-raising display centre and, from 1966, was the base for an inshore lifeboat. The building used by crews at the docks was demolished in 1996 and replaced by temporary portable buildings.
On 21 November 2009 both lifeboats were transferred to a new lifeboat station on Queen's Drive at the eastern end of the beach. Within the building is a sign from the now-demolished Volunteer Inn once run by Will Carder. On Christmas Day 1956 he was swept overboard and drowned during a mission on the Maria Noble to save the crew of the Dutch ship MV Minerva 4 miles south east of Orcombe Point. It is regarded as the worst tragedy in the history of Exmouth RNLI.
Regeneration
Exmouth has undergone significant regeneration efforts in recent years, focusing on enhancing its town centre, seafront, and coastal defences.
Strand Redevelopment
In 2012, a £3 million regeneration project transformed the Strand area, removing much of the grass, flower beds, and trees to create a more pedestrian-friendly environment. New features included additional seating areas and bicycle storage facilities. The area was also fully pedestrianised to improve accessibility and encourage foot traffic.
Seawall Repairs
To address coastal erosion and protect infrastructure, East Devon District Council initiated a phased repair of Exmouth's seawall. The first phase, completed in March 2024, involved installing a steel sheet piling wall along a 100-metre stretch in front of the Sideshore watersports centre. The second phase, which began in November 2024 and was completed in June 2025, secured an additional 150 metres of seawall. This phase cost £1.627 million, funded by both the council and central government.
Town Centre and Seafront Facelift
In early 2024, East Devon District Council unveiled a £6 million "blue sky" facelift plan for Exmouth's town centre and seafront. Proposed enhancements included pedestrianisation of parts of the town centre and seafront, construction of a multi-storey car park on Maer Road, conversion of the Exmouth Pavilion into a sports facility, development of a new public space opposite the Pavilion, creation of an arts and culture hub at Foxholes car park, and installation of "pods" along Queen's Drive.
Seafront Development Phases
The seafront redevelopment has been implemented in phases. Phase 1 involved relocation of Queen's Drive road to improve beach access and views. Phase 2 was the construction of the Sideshore watersports centre, which opened in 2021. Phase 3 saw the development of the Queen's Drive Space, featuring temporary attractions like food and drink areas and a dinosaur-themed play park, which have since been granted permanent planning permission. Future plans include the development of a café/restaurant, open public spaces, and a hotel, although these remain subject to further consultation and planning approvals.
Gateway Area Redevelopment
The "Gateway" area, encompassing the railway station, Imperial Road car park, and leisure centre, is earmarked for redevelopment. Proposed plans include creation of a public space between the railway station and new developments, construction of a new leisure centre and theatre, and reconfiguration of bus stops, tourist information centre, and play areas.
Religion
Exmouth has a number of active churches. About Holy Trinity Church, a parish of the Church of England, an 1850 reference work says this:
The Church Holy is a chapel of ease under the parish church of Littleham, and was erected by the late Lord Rolle, at the cost of £13,000 in 1824-25. It is a handsome structure, in the perpendicular style, standing on the Beacon hill, and having a tower 104 feet high, containing a clock and one bell. The whole length of the building is 140 feet, and its breadth 84. The interior is handsomely fitted up, and has sittings for 1,500 hearers. It has a fine toned organ, and over the altar table is a fine canopy of Beer stone, in the florid Gothic style, ornamented with crockets, pinnacles, & c. The curacy has a small endowment, given by the noble founder and is annexed to the vicarage of Littleham. Until the erection of this church, Exmouth was without an episcopal place of worship; for though a small ancient chapel, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, was standing in 1412, all traces of it disappeared some centuries ago.
Hinduism
A small Hindu community exists in Exmouth, primarily practising in private homes and community spaces. Religious festivals such as Diwali are celebrated among the local Hindu population, and community members occasionally travel to nearby larger centres for temple services.
Buddhism
Exmouth hosts a modest Buddhist community. Meditation groups, teachings, and occasional public gatherings are held, with some practitioners connecting to regional or national Buddhist organisations for retreats and instruction.
Demographics
According to the 2021 Census, the religious composition of Exmouth is as follows:
Sport and leisure
Exmouth Town F.C. is the leading football team in the town, and play in the Southern League Division 1 South (as of season 2024/25). Exmouth has two rugby union teams, Exmouth RFC and Withycombe RFC. East Devon Eagles rugby league team were based in Exmouth and played until 2011 in the South West Division of the Rugby League Conference. Exmouth is also home to the Polesanders Beach Rugby Club who were established in 2014. Devon County Cricket Club play their Minor Counties Championship matches at the Maer Ground, the homeground of Exmouth Cricket Club (est.1843), whom have achieved multiple championship titles in the Devon Cricket League. Exmouth also has a large indoor leisure centre.
Media
Local TV coverage is provided by BBC South West and ITV West Country. Television signals are received from either the Beacon Hill or Stockland Hill TV transmitters.
Transport
Exmouth railway station is the terminus of the Avocet Line to Exeter St David's station although the trains run through to Paignton through the day. A cycleway has been built alongside the railway as far as Exeter and beyond. The Exmouth to Starcross Ferry is a passenger ferry that operates during the summer months across the River Exe estuary to Starcross, where the pumping station for Brunel's Atmospheric Railway can be seen.
Notable people
People from Exmouth are known as Exmouthians.
Climate
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