Eurotiomycetes is a large class of with cleistothecial ascocarps within the subphylum Pezizomycotina,
Systematics and phylogeny
Internal relationships
The class Eurotiomycetes was circumscribed in 1997 by
Sweden Ove Erik Eriksson and Katarina Winka. At that time it only contained the order
Eurotiales,
which together with the next order added,
Onygenales, form a
monophyletic group comprising most of the fungi in "Plectomycetes", a group no longer in use that unified fungi under exclusively morphological characteristics.
As more orders were added to Eurotiomycetes, the first two along with Arachnomycetales became constrained to the first subclass, Eurotiomycetidae. In 2001, the second subclass, Chaetothyriomycetidae, was erected to accommodate Chaetothyriales and its sister group Verrucariales, as well as Pyrenulales since 2004. These two remain as the major subclasses of Eurotiomycetes.
The remaining subclasses were created through more phylogenetic analyses to accommodate outlying taxon or newly discovered groups: Mycocaliciomycetidae in 2007,
External relationships
The class Eurotiomycetes forms a
clade with
Lecanoromycetes, the largest lichenized class of fungi.
Taxonomy
As of 2022, the taxonomy of Eurotiomycetes recognizes 5 subclasses, 10 orders, 34 families and 289 valid genera.
The families are listed here followed by the number of
genus.
- Subclass Chaetothyriomycetidae
- :Order Chaetothyriales
- ::Family Chaetothyriaceae – 19 genera
- ::Family Coccodiniaceae – 4 genera
- ::Family Cyphellophoraceae – 2 genera
- ::Family Epibryaceae – 1 genus
- ::Family Herpotrichiellaceae – 17 genera
- ::Family Lyrommataceae – 1 genus
- ::Family Microtheliopsidaceae – 1 genus
- ::Family Paracladophialophoraceae – 1 genus
- ::Family Pyrenotrichaceae – 2 genera
- ::Family Trichomeriaceae (=Strelitzianaceae ) – 9 genera
- ::Chaetothyriales incertae sedis – 11 genera
- :Order Phaeomoniellales
- ::Family Celotheliaceae (=Phaeomoniellaceae ) – 11 genera
- :Order Pyrenulales
- ::Family Pyrenulaceae – 12 genera
- ::Pyrenulales incertae sedis – 2 genera
- :Order Verrucariales
- ::Family Adelococcaceae – 3 genera
- ::Family Sarcopyreniaceae – 1 genera
- ::Family Verrucariaceae – 52 genera
- ::Verrucariales incertae sedis – 4 genera
- :Chaetothyriomycetidae incertae sedis
- ::Family Rhynchostomataceae – 2 genera
- Subclass Cryptocaliciomycetidae
- :Order Cryptocaliciales
- ::Family Cryptocaliciaceae – 1 genus
- Subclass Coryneliomycetidae
- :Order Coryneliales
- ::Family Coryneliaceae – 8 genera
- ::Family Eremascaceae – 2 genera
- Subclass Eurotiomycetidae
- :Order Arachnomycetales
- ::Family Arachnomycetaceae – 2 genera
- :Order Eurotiales
- ::Family Aspergillaceae (=Monascaceae ) – 14 genera
- ::Family Elaphomycetaceae – 2 genera
- ::Family Penicillaginaceae – 1 genus
- ::Family Thermoascaceae – 2 genera
- ::Family Trichocomaceae – 9 genera
- :Order Onygenales
- ::Family Ajellomycetaceae – 7 genera
- ::Family Arthrodermataceae – 11 genera
- ::Family Ascosphaeraceae – 3 genera
- ::Family Gymnoascaceae – 11 genera
- ::Family Nannizziopsidaceae – 1 genus
- ::Family Onygenaceae – 34 genera
- ::Family Spiromastigaceae – 4 genera
- ::Onygenales incertae sedis – 3 genera
- :Eurotiomycetidae incertae sedis – 5 genera
- Subclass Mycocaliciomycetidae
- :Order Mycocaliciales
- ::Family Mycocaliciaceae (=Sphinctrinaceae ) – 7 genera
- Subclass Sclerococcomycetidae
- :Order Sclerococcales
- ::Family Dactylosporaceae (=Sclerococcaceae ) – 7 genera
Only one genus,
Neocladophialophora, remains
incertae sedis within the class.
Nomenclature
The scientific classification for this particular class is particularly tricky, with one particular species having both the
anamorph (asexual form), and
teleomorph (sexual form) names used in reference to them.
Morphology
Many members (Eurotiales, Onygenales) produce an enclosed structure
cleistothecium within which they produce their spores.
External links
