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Epidaurus (, ) or Epidauros was an ancient Greek colony founded sometime in the 6th century BC Austria: Her People & Their Homelands (1913) by James Baker. London: John Lane. p. 167 and renamed to Epidaurum during Roman rule in 228 BC, when it was part of the province of Illyricum and later of Dalmatia.Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, , page 216, "... hand, the Deraemestae (30) were formed from several smaller groups in the vicinity of the new Roman colony established at Epidaurum (Cavtat near Dubrovnik). ..." It is located at present-day Cavtat in Croatia, 15 km (9 mi) south of Dubrovnik.
Pliny the Elder mentions Epidaurum in section 3.26.1 of Natural History while describing Dalmatian cities and settlements, "The colony of Epidaurum is distant from the river Naron 100 miles."
According to the Life of Hilarion, a hagiography, the Hilarion saved the town from the waves of the tsunami caused by the 365 Crete earthquake by raising his hands in the sign of the cross. However, it remains uncertain whether the tsunami actually affected the Adriatic Sea.
The city was destroyed by Avars and Slavic peoples invaders in the 7th century. Researches on the Danube and the Adriatic by Andrew Archibald Paton (1861). Contributions to the Modern History of Hungary and Transylvania, Dalmatia and Croatia, Servia and Bulgaria- page 247 Refugees from Epidaurus fled to the nearby island Laas or Laus (meaning "stone" in Greek), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, word λᾶας (laas). from which Ragusa (through rhotacism) was founded, which over time evolved into Dubrovnik. Dalmatia and Montenegro by Sir John Gardner Wilkinson
Several Roman inscriptions are found amongst its ruins: the sepulchre of P. Cornelius Dolabella, who was the consul under Augustus and governor of Illyricum, and the remains of an Roman aqueduct.Notizie Istorico-Critiche Sulla Antichita, Storia, e Letteratura de' Ragusei (published in two vols) by Francesco Maria Appendini.
In the Middle Ages, the town of Cavtat (Ragusa Vecchia) was established in the same area.
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