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() is a county of far southern Fujian, People's Republic of China, located along the Taiwan Strait. It comprises 44 islands for a total area of , and is under the administration of Zhangzhou. The total population was around 220,000 in 2020. Dongshan County has jurisdiction over seven towns, a nationally managed forest and an economic and technological development district. Case Study Reports 5 Global Environmental Forum (GEF), Japan, n.d. It is an important port for international trade and trade with Taiwan.
Tongling Town on Northeastern Dongshan Island has an ancient waterside castle. Tonghshan Castle was built of stone in 1387 by Zhou Dexing of the Ming Dynasty to protect against Japanese pirates. The gate tower still stands intact. Inside, a path is linked by corridors and the exquisite Temple of Guan Yu. The entrance to the temple is flanked by ancient houses, the birthplace of Huang Daozhou, an official of the Ming Dynasty.
In 1950, at the end of the Chinese Civil War, the island was the scene of fighting between the nationalist Kuomintang and Chinese Communist forces, and again in 1953 during the so-called Dongshan Island Campaign, an unsuccessful attempt by the nationalists to retake the island.
The county has jurisdiction over a nationally managed forest and an economic and technological development district.
The climate of the Dongshan Islands is humid subtropical (Köppen Cfa) and moderated by their coastal location, without frost through the year. In winter, north-east winds, and in summer south-east winds prevail. The annual average temperature is . The coolest month of the year is February with an average temperature of ; the hottest, July, with an average temperature of . The annual average rainfall is only , which causes a shortage of fresh water, especially from October to January. Additional water must be acquired from outside for both domestic and industrial use.
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