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Dexheim is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
In 774 Dexheim had its first documentary mention in a donation document in which Charlemagne bequeathed a great estate to the Lorsch Abbey.As Thechidesheim in document no. 82 in: MGH, Diplomata: Die Urkunden Pippins, Karlmanns und Karls des Großen (Pippini, Carlomanni, Caroli Magni Diplomata). Published by Engelbert Mühlbacher in collaboration with Alfons Dopsch, Johann Lechner and Michael Tangl. Berlin 1906, p. 118 image The second documentary mention is contained in an act in which King Arnulf of Carinthia donated the church at Dexheim to the Fulda Abbey.As Dechidesstein in document no. 58 in: MGH, Diplomata: Die Urkunden Arnolfs (Arnolfi Diplomata). Published by Paul Kehr. Berlin 1940, pp. 82–85 image
Dexheim was a Free Imperial Village, paying taxes only to the Emperor. Its coat of arms was a silver cross with the red Globus cruciger. With the neighbouring places of Nierstein and Schwabsburg it became the site of the common court. In 1376 it passed to the Oberamt of Oppenheim and remained with it until the Electorate of the Palatinate was no more.
Until then the village had already had many landlords. For lack of money – something similar had already happened earlier – the Emperor had pledged Dexheim in 1315 to the Archbishop of Mainz, redeeming it in 1353.
The Thirty Years' War was frightful for Dexheim. A document from 1647, and thus one year before the Peace of Westphalia, gives an impression. Almost all the houses were destroyed; only the palace of the Lords of Dienheim and a few houses nearby were habitable.
Dexheim's importance is also underscored by the names of noble families that had holdings here. Found here, among others, are names such as:
Remnants of the church from the 9th century likely form the lower part of the Evangelical parish church's tower.
This church's first documentary mention comes from the 14th century. From this time also come the Gothic paintings and a mandorla that was revealed during renovation work on the tower.
In 1816 Dexheim passed to the Grand Duchy of Hesse. It belonged to the Mainz district and later, in 1851, it passed to the Oppenheim district. It therefore has much history in common with the neighbouring places of Nierstein, Schwabsburg and Oppenheim.
After World War II the US Army (123rd Main Support Battalion) remained here for many years until Anderson Barracks closed in 2008 and the Institute for Federal Real Estate (Germany) took over responsibility for the site.
Only in the mid 20th century was the Imperial Eagle reintroduced into the municipality's arms. However, it was wrongly assumed then that Dexheim had borne a globus cruciger in its arms. The actual historical arms, though, are charged only with the Imperial Eagle.
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