Contortae as a term has appeared in several senses in botanical taxonomy, most conspicuously as follows:
Order Contortae
Order
Contortae is no longer recognised in botanical taxonomy. After a varied history in the nineteenth century, predominant opinion on the Contortae assigned several families to the order in the mid twentieth century, though never with unanimity. They typically included:
By the late twentieth century there were moves to withdraw recognition of the plant order Contortae, and merge it with the order
Gentianales or
Gentianales (which now is regarded as a synonym of Gentianales). For details of the reassignment of the families to orders, see the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group publication
[An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering
]
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Other occurrences of the term
Contortae is a section of the genus Oenothera.[Warren L. Wagner, "Systematics of Oenothera Sections Contortae, Eremia, and Ravenia (Onagraceae),"
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]
Contortae is a section in the family
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Contortae is a subsection of the genus Pinus.[Nicholas C.Wheeler, Raymond P.Guries, David M.O'
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]
