Chiolite is a tetragonal-ditetragonal dipyramidal mineral, composed of sodium, fluorine, and aluminium. The name originates from the combination of the Greek words for snow (χιώυ) and stone (λίθος). It is an allusion to its similarity and appearance to cryolite (ice stone). Chiolite is an IMA approved mineral that has been grandfathered, meaning the name chiolite is believed to refer to a valid species to this day. Synonyms of chiolite are arksudite, arksutite, chodneffite, chodnewite and nipholith.
Properties
Chiolite consists of fluorine (57.59% ), sodium (24.89%) and aluminium (17.53%). It does not show any radioactive properties whatsoever.
Twinning sometimes distorts the crystals into a prismatic shape.
In common literature, chiolite is usually referred to as having a 3.5 - 4 hardness on the mohs scale. However, chiolite is softer than cryolite is, which has a hardness of 2.5 - 3. Upon examining numerous samples, researchers determined chiolite to have a 2.5 hardness.
When it is linked with topaz, brecciated chiolite transformed into cryolite among the fragments' rims according to a study. These transformations in thin sections appear to be solid state replacements. This transformation liberates both aluminium and potassium. With silica added, a reaction started with chiolite's breakdown, which formed topaz and potassium-mica.
Occurrences and usage
It is a type locality in Russia, but otherwise it has occurrences in Greenland and Virginia. It occurs in granite pegmatites. At its type locality, chiolite is associated with cryolite,
topaz,
fluorite,
thomsenolite,
cryolithionite,
phenakite,
pachnolite and
elpasolite.
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