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Capul, officially the Municipality of Capul (; ; ), is an island municipality in the province of , Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 12,323 people.

The natives of Capul are known as the Abaknon or the Capuleño people. It is the only town in the province of with a distinct language, (also known as Capuleño, Abaknon Sama, or Capul Sinama), instead of , the native language spoken by the locals of Samar island. Inabaknon is unique in it being only distantly related to the languages spoken in the entire Visayas and Luzon regions. Instead, it is classified by linguists as a Sama-Bajaw language.

A lighthouse was built on the island which served as a guidepost for the trade vessels passing through the treacherous waters of San Bernardino Strait. It also served as the capital of the former province of Samar from 1848 to 1852.


Etymology
According to folklore, the name Capul is said to be derived from the word , an old trading post in .


History
According to oral folk history, the native Abaknon people of the island of Capul were originally from the island of , off the southern coast of . They were originally a group. In the 1300s, their island was annexed by the Sultanate of Sulu. The people who refused to submit to the Sultanate and convert to fled Balabac under the leadership of a named Abak. They sailed northwards until reaching the island of Capul. Here, they established a settlement which they called Abak. By 1610, Spanish arrived in the island and construction of the first church began around this period. The Inabaknon language of the Abaknon people are still classified by linguists as a Sama-Bajaw language, though the Abaknon people have converted to Christianity and have become culturally due to proximity with Visayan groups.

On June 18, 1966, barrios Mahaba, Maragat, Mongolbongol, Panganoron, Sila, Ternate, and Sang-putan were excised from Capul to form the new municipality of San Vicente.


Geography
The municipality is contiguous with Capul Island, located at the southern entrance to the San Bernardino Strait.


Barangays
Capul is politically subdivided into 12 . Each barangay consists of and some have .
  • Aguin
  • Jubang
  • Landusan
  • Oson
  • Poblacion Barangay 1
  • Poblacion Barangay 2
  • Poblacion Barangay 3
  • Poblacion Barangay 4
  • Poblacion Barangay 5
  • Sagaosawan
  • San Luis
  • Sawang


Climate

Demographics

Economy

Language
Capul has a different language from the rest of Northern Samar and the rest of Eastern Visayas. The native language in the island-municipality is . Inabaknon has been classified by linguists as a Sama-Bajaw language closely related to those found in Mindanao, rather than a Visayan language. Nonetheless, the Capul people can speak and understand the language as it is spoken by the majority of the people in Northern Samar.


Tourism
Capul Church and Fortress
The , built during the Spanish colonial period, is dedicated to St. Ignatius of Loyola and is surrounded by a square with bulwarks of dissimilar designs. Explore Capul Island The church structure was actually the third that was built on the site. The first two structures, made of hard wood and nipa roofs, were razed when pirates plundered the island in 1615 and 1768. In 1781, Fr. Mariano Valero, a Spanish architect-priest led the restoration of the church and built the stonewall fortress similar to that in , that would fortify it against Moro attacks.

Capul Watchtower

Located on a hill near the Capul fort overlooking the town harbor, a stone watchtower was erected to serve as a sentry or warning system and a refuge for indigents during Moro raids.

Bitō Cave

Bitō Cave, also known as Beto Cave, is a popular natural attraction located in Sawang.

Timon-timon Rock

Timon-timon is a rudder-shaped rock formation located near the southern point of the island.

Capul Island Lighthouse


External links

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