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Cambro-Normans (; "Wales", ; ) were Normans who settled in South Wales and the Welsh Marches after the Norman invasion of Wales. Cambro-Norman knights were also the leading force in the Cambro-Norman invasion of Ireland, led by Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke in 1170.
Although Welsh forces would retake much of the Norman territories following their crushing victory at the Battle of Crug Mawr in 1136, the Norman King of England would control much of the Welsh borders and southern agricultural land by the 12th century. This led to Wales being split in two, with one area becoming the Marcher Lordships and the area under Welsh rule known as "Pura Wallia".
Henry I of England would invite Flemish people immigrants into Pembrokeshire, where they established a cloth industry. While the original invaders spoke Norman French, the Cambro-Norman settlements in Wales became English speaking communities.
In addition to such Cambro-Norman lords, some of Ireland's most common names, including Walsh and Griffith, came from indigenous Welsh families who came with the Norman invasion. (The surname "Walsh" itself, or in Irish Breathnach, "Briton", means "Welshman", and was applied by the Irish to Welsh who did not have a surname, as well as to particular Cambro-Norman lords.) Other indigenous Welsh surnames, such as Viscount Taaffe which came at this time, became very important families within the Pale.
Some well-known Cambro-Norman families include the Butler dynasty, the JoycesBishop, Alan. Gentleman Rider: A Life of Joyce Cary. Joseph, 1988. Original from the University of Michigan. . p. 24. Names. 1985. Original from the University of California. Digitized 3 September 2011. p. 202.Stokes, George Thomas. Ireland and the Anglo-Norman Church: A History of Ireland and Irish Christianity from the Anglo-Norman Conquest to the Dawn of the Reformation. Hodder and Stoughton, 1897. Original from the University of California. p. 334. and the Barretts.
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