Centromere protein H is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPH gene.
Function
Centromere and
kinetochore proteins play a critical role in centromere structure, kinetochore formation, and sister chromatid separation. The protein encoded by this gene colocalizes with inner kinetochore plate proteins
CENPA and
CENPC in both interphase and metaphase. CENP-H is required for the localisation of CENP-C, but not CENP-A, to the centromere. However, it may be involved in the incorporation of newly synthesised CENP-A into centromeres via its interaction with the CENP-A/CENP-HI complex.
CENP-H localizes outside of centromeric heterochromatin, where
CENPB is localized, and inside the kinetochore corona, where
CENPE is localized during
prometaphase. It is thought that this protein can bind to itself, as well as to CENP-A, CENP-B or CENP-C. Multimers of the protein localize constitutively to the inner kinetochore plate and play an important role in the organization and function of the active centromere-kinetochore complex.
CENP-H contains a
coiled coil structure and a
cell nucleus localisation signal.
Studies show that CENP-H may be associated with certain Homo sapiens .
CENP-H shows protein sequence similarity to the Schizosaccharomyces pombe kinetochore protein Fta3 which is a subunit of the Sim4 complex. This complex is required for loading the DASH complex onto the kinetochore via interaction with dad1. Fta2, Fta3 and Fta4 associate with the central core and inner tandem repeat region of the centromere.
Interactions
CENPH has also been shown to interact with KIAA0090.
The significance of this interaction is unclear.
External links
Further reading
