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Buchan is a coastal district in the north-east of Scotland, bounded by the Ythan and Deveron rivers. It was one of the original provinces of the Kingdom of Alba. It is now one of the six of Aberdeenshire.
In Picts times, Buchan was located within the kingdom of Cé. There is considerable ancient history in this geographic area, especially slightly north-west of Cruden Bay, where the Catto Long Barrow and numerous tumuli are found.
At one time, the district of Buchan comprised all the land between the Don and Deveron, but now the land between the Don and the Ythan is known as Formartine, so Buchan has taken on a restricted sense.
Peterhead is the largest town in Buchan and Aberdeenshire; the principal whitefish-landing port in Europe; and a major oil industry service centre. Equally important is the nearby gas terminal at St Fergus. Remote Radar Head Buchan, an RAF air-defence radar unit, is located near Peterhead.
Attempts are being made to counter the negative effects of several recent key company closures and economic threats. Inland, the area is dependent upon agriculture, and many villages have seen a decline in population and services. Issues affecting Banff and Buchan also apply here, as does the future of the oil and gas industry. Part of Buchan benefits from EU aid coverage. Opportunities exist through the Buchan Local Action Plan to safeguard and enhance the economic future of Peterhead and Buchan.
The Formartine and Buchan Way runs through Buchan.
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