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Lenoks, otherwise known as Asiatic trout or Manchurian trout,James Card: Fly fishing in South Korea. Retrieved 22 June 2015. are salmonid fish of the genus Brachymystax, native to rivers and lakes in Mongolia, Kazakhstan, wider Siberia (including Russian Far East), Northern China and Korea.Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East. Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91–98.
A fourth species, Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li Sze-Chung, 1966, was revalidated in 2015.
Traditionally, only B. lenok was recognized, including both sharp-snouted and blunt-snouted forms. Based on differences in morphology and genetics, the blunt-snouted form was split off as a separate species, B. tumensis.Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39–45.Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae). Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1–2Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia. BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40. Hybrids between these two are known. The third species, B. savinovi, is sometimes considered a synonym of B. lenok. The name B. savinovi has occasionally been used for the blunt-snouted lenok,Ratschan, C. (2013). Trout's Siberian Siblings. Chasing Silver 1: 86–96. but this is incorrect.
As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok ( B. lenok) is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern Mongolia, locally in northeastern Kazakhstan (Irtysh River) and northeastern China (Amur River). The blunt-snouted lenok ( B. tumensis) is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea. Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur Basin.
Brachymystax savinovi is found in Markakol Lake and adjacent rivers in eastern Kazakhstan.
The recently revalidated Brachymystax tsinlingensis is distributed in streams in the Yellow River and Yangtze basins in the Qinling Mountains of China.
Though overall widespread, lenoks in South Korea are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China. Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48–54.
Appearance
Lenoks can be sharp-snouted ( B. lenok) or blunt-snouted ( B. tumensis). Traditionally both these were included in B. lenok, but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots. Their Ventral fin are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish. They weigh up to ,Ibex: and can reach a total length of .
Habitat, range and status
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort, but usually upstream, where the water is colder.Cherrytrout: They are also found in lakes such as Lake Baikal.
History
In the Korean peninsula, lenoks were landlocked inland during the glacial epoch.
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