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A bio satellite is an satellite designed to carry plants or animals in outer space. They are used to research the effects of space (cosmic radiation, weightlessness, etc.) on biological matter while in orbit around a celestial body. The first satellite carrying an animal (a dog, "Laika") was USSR Sputnik 2 on November 3, 1957. On August 20, 1960 Soviet Sputnik 5 launched and recovered dogs from Earth orbit.
NASA launched three such satellites between 1966 and 1969 in its Biosatellite program. Biosatellite, David Darling's Internet Encyclopedia of Science Biosatellite, Encyclopedia Astronautica
Other notable biosatellites include:
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