Barcus

 ( Communes Of Pyrénées-atlantiques ) 

Jean-Baptiste Orpustan proposes a Basque etymological construction in two parts. The first element barr meaning "located inside, at the bottom" is joined to the element -koiz to approximate the Basque goiz meaning "morning or east". Barcus is located in a low valley to the east which justifies the Orpustan analysis.

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Sources:

• Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011
• Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque ToponymyJean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, p. 204-205,
• Bulletin des Lois:

Origins:

• Navarrenx: Notaries of NavarrenxNotaries of Navarrenx in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
• Oloron: Notaries of Oloron-Sainte-MarieNotaries of Oloron-Sainte-Marie in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
• 'Ohix: Contracts retained by Ohix, Notary of SouleManuscripts from the 15th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
• Customs: Customs of SouleCustoms of Soule in 1520, printed at Pau in 1760
• Luxe: Titles of Luxe-SumberrauteTitles of Luxe-Sumberraute in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
• Guienne: Government General of Guienne and Guascogne and neighbouring country

Paul Raymond on page 21 of his 1863 dictionary noted that the commune had a Lay Abbey, vassal of the Viscounts of Soule. In 1790 Barcus was the capital of a Canton dependent on the District of Mauleon Licharre and made up of the communes of Barcus, L'Hôpital-Saint-Blaise, and Roquiague.

Barcus appears as Barcux on the 1750 Cassini Map and the same on the 1790 version.

• the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque;
• the AEP association of Pays de Soule;
• the sanitation association of Pays de Soule;
• the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques;
• the inter-communal association to support Basque culture.

The inhabitants of the commune are known in French as Barcusiens or Barcusiennes Pyrénées-Atlantiques, habitants.fr and in Basque language as Barkoxtar. Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language

• The Lamiñen ziloa ("Cave of laminak" in Basque). Laminak are small in Basque mythology.
• A treasure trove of Celtiberians currency (400-100 BC.) was discovered in 1879.Vincent Mistrot and Christophe Sirieix, preface by Alain Juppé, In Gallic Times, Aquitaine before Caesar, éditions errance, September 2012, pp. 76-77 (catalogue of the exposition) Composed of 1,750 silver coins from different cities of Navarre and Aragon, the reason for their presence in Barcus remains controversial.
• A gaztelu zaharA prehistoric fortified place stands at 440 metres above sea level in the Haitzhandia locality.

• The Parish Church of the Ascension (Middle Ages) is registered as an historical monument.Ministry of Culture, Mérimée It was largely rebuilt in the 19th century and restored in the 20th century. It contains a Bronze Bell (1689) that is registered as an historical object.Ministry of Culture, Palissy

• Léon Urthuburu, vice-consul for France in Guayaquil, Ecuador, originally from Barcus, he bequeathed Floreana Island in the Galápagos Islands to the commune in 1860. Despite his efforts Barcus never took possession.Philippe Veyrin, The Basques, p. 76, Arthaud, 20 December 1975,
• Pierre Topet, alias "Etxahun", born in Barcus (1786-1862), a Bertsolari.
• Jean Touan, born in 1817 at Barcus, was the founder of the Café Tortoni in Buenos Aires. The café was bequeathed to Célestin Curutchet in 1872, another native of Barcus.
• André Chilo, French rugby player, born on 5 July 1898 at Bordeaux and died on 3 November 1982 at Barcus.

• Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department