Austrobaileyales

 ( Angiosperm Orders ) 

Austrobaileyales is an order of consisting of about 100 species of growing as trees, shrubs and . A well known example is Illicium verum, commonly known as star anise. The order belongs to the group of basal angiosperms, the ANA grade (Amborellales, Nymphaeales, and Austrobaileyales), which diverged earlier from the remaining flowering plants. Austrobaileyales is sister to all remaining extant angiosperms outside the ANA grade.Angiosperm Phylogeny: A Framework for Studies of Genome Evolution, Plant Genome Diversity Volume 2, pp. 1–11, 2013, Springer, Pamela S. Soltis and Douglas E. SoltisBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 171, 640–654, Structure of the unusual explosive fruits of the early diverging angiosperm Illicium (Schisandraceae s.l., Austrobaileyales), Mikhail S. Romanov, Alexey v. F. CH. Bobrov, and Peter k. Endress.Insights into the dynamics of genome size and chromosome evolution in the early diverging angiosperm lineage Nymphaeales (water lilies), Jaume Pellicer, Laura J Kelly, Carlos Magdalena, Ilia Leitch, 2013, Genome, 10.1139/gen-2013-0039

The order includes just three families of flowering plants: the Austrobaileyaceae, a monotypic taxon family containing the sole genus, Austrobaileya scandens, a woody liana; the Schisandraceae, a family of trees, shrubs, or lianas containing ; and the Trimeniaceae, essential oil-bearing trees and lianas.

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In different classifications Until the early 21st century, the order was only rarely recognised by systems of classification (an exception is the Reveal system).

The APG system, of 1998, did not recognize such an order. The APG II system, of 2003, does accept this order and places it among the basal angiosperms, that is: it does not belong to any further clade. APG II uses this circumscription:

• order Austrobaileyales
• family Austrobaileyaceae, one species of woody plant from Australia
• family Schisandraceae +, several dozen species of , found in tropical to temperate regions of East Asia and Southeast Asia and the Caribbean. The best known of those is Star anise.
• family Trimeniaceae, half-a-dozen species of found in subtropical to tropical Southeast Asia, eastern Australia and the Pacific Islands

Note: "+ ..."=optional segregate family, that may be split off from the preceding family. The Cronquist system, of 1981, also placed the plants in families Illiciaceae and Schisandraceae together, but as separate families, united at the rank of order, in the order Illiciales.

The phylogenetics of the flowering plants, as of APG III (2009).

Internal relationship of Austrobaileyales.

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