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" Asian people"" Asian M-w.com ." Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary. (sometimes " Asiatic people")United States National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings. 2004. November 17, 2006. Nlm.nih.gov : Asian Continental Ancestry Group is also used for categorical purposes. is an umbrella term for people who belong to any ethnic, racial, or national group with origins in Asia. It is most often used in contexts concerning the Asian diaspora, which consists of Asian people and their descendants living outside of the continent. The exact definition of the term may vary by country; some classifications of "Asian" may only refer to certain Asian-origin groups, as opposed to the population of the entire continent.
Earlier Census forms from 1980 and prior listed particular Asian ancestries as separate groups along with White and Black or Negro. 1980 Census: Instructions to Respondents, republished by IPUMS, Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota at www.ipums.org Accessed November 19, 2006. Previously, Asian Americans were classified as "other".Lee, Gordon. Hyphen Magazine. "The Forgotten Revolution." 2003. January 28, 2007. Hyphenmagazine.com But the 1980 Census marked the first general analyses of Asians as a group, combining several individual ancestry groups into "Asian or Pacific Islander." By the 1990 census, Asian or Pacific Islander (API) was included as an explicit category, although respondents had to select one particular ancestry. 1990 Census: Instructions to Respondents , republished by IPUMS, Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota at www.ipums.org Accessed November 19, 2006.Reeves, Terrance Claudett, Bennett. United States Census Bureau. Asian and Pacific Islander Population: March 2002. 2003. September 30, 2006.
The 2000 and 2010 U.S. Census Bureau definition of the Asian race is: "people having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent (for example, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam)".Barnes, Jessica S. and Bennett, Claudett E. The Asian Population:2000. 2002. September 1, 2006. Census.gov
Sandra S. Lee et al. (2001) said, in regards to the categories of the 2000 U.S. census, that it is difficult to determine why Asian Americans are a "race" while Latino and Hispanic are an "ethnic group." Lee said, referring to the Hispanic or Latino category, that the category of Asian Americans, quite similarly, comprises different populations of diverse origins. Lee said that people of South Asian origin were categorically identified as "Hinduism," regardless of their religion, in the early 20th century. Lee said that the policy changed to classify people from the Indian subcontinent as "white." Lee said that, more recently, South Asian Americans were added to the long list of groups that comprise the category of Asian American. Referring to their classification as "Asian," Lee said that, in the United States, the classification of people from the Indian subcontinent depends on their historical location.Lee, S.S., Mountain, J. & Koenig, B.A. (2001). The Meanings of Race in the New Genomics: Implications for Health Disparities Research. Yale Journal of Health Policy, Law, and Ethics 1, (1). Pages 43, 44, & 45. Wayback Machine link.
In 1930 and 1940, Indian Americans were identified as a separate race, Hindus, and in 1950 and 1960 they were racially classified as Other Race, and then in 1970 they were classified as White. Since 1980, Indians and all other South Asians have been classified as part of the Asian ethnic group.Campbell Gibson and Kay Jung. Historical Census Statistics On Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For Large Cities And Other Urban Places In The United States, Working Paper No. 76 (2005). See footnote 6 in paper Sociologist Madhulika Khandelwal described how " ....as a result of activism, South Asians came to be included as 'Asians' in the census only in the 80's. Prior to that many South Asians had been checking 'Caucasian' or 'Other'."Chandy, Sunu P. What is a Valid South Asian Struggle? Report on the Annual SASA Conference. Retrieved August 8, 2008.
Respondents can also report their specific ancestry, e.g.: Ryukyuan people, etc. Someone reporting these ancestries but no race would be classified as "Asian". Unlike Southeast Asians, Afghan Americans, Arab Americans, Armenian Americans, Assyrian Americans, Azerbaijani Americans, Georgian Americans, Israeli Americans, Kurdish Americans, Turkish Americans, Iranian Americans, and Central Asian Americans have not lobbied to be included as Asians by the U.S. Census Board. Not Quite White: Race Classification and the Arab American Experience , Arab American Institute, 1997, September 29, 2006.
In normal American usage Asian does not refer to the people from the Pacific Islands who are usually called .American Heritage Book of English Usage. Asian. 1996. September 29, 2006. Bartleby.com The term "Asians and Pacific Islanders" or "Asia/Pacific" was used on the 1990 U.S. census.Census '90. Asian and Pacific Islanders in the United States. 1990. September 1, 2006. Census.gov
However, in the 2000 U.S. census, the Asian or Pacific Islander category was separated into two categories, "Asian" and "Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander".
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