Arachis is a genus of about 70 species of annual and perennial in the family (Fabaceae), native to South America, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyly Pterocarpus clade of the Dalbergieae.[ At least one species, the peanut ( Arachis hypogaea), is a major food crop species of global importance; some of the other species are cultivated for food to a small extent in South America. Other species such as Arachis pintoi are cultivated worldwide as forage and soil conditioner plants, with the leaves providing high-protein feed for grazing livestock and a nitrogen source in agroforestry and permaculture systems.
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Arachis species, including the peanut, are used as food plants by some Lepidoptera species, including the flame shoulder, nutmeg, and turnip moth.
Species
Arachis comprises the following sections and species:
Section Arachis
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Arachis batizocoi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis benensis Krapov. et al.
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Arachis cardenasii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis kempff-mercadoi Krapov. et al.
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Arachis krapovickasii C. E. Simpson et al.
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Arachis kuhlmannii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis linearifolia Valls et al.
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Arachis magna Krapov. et al.
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Arachis microsperma Krapov. et al.
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Arachis monticola Krapov. & Rigoni
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Arachis schininii Krapov. et al.
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Arachis simpsonii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis stenosperma Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis trinitensis Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis valida Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis villosa Benth.
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Arachis williamsii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Section Caulorrhizae
Section Erectoides
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Arachis archeri Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis benthamii Handro
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Arachis brevipetiolata Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis cryptopotamica Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis douradiana Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis gracilis Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis hatschbachii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis hermannii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis major Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis martii Handro
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Arachis oteroi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis paraguariensis Chodat & Hassl.
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subsp. capibarensis Krapov. & W. C. Greg
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subsp. paraguariensis Chodat & Hassl.
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Arachis porphyrocalyx Valls & C. E. Simpson
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Arachis stenophylla Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Section Extranervosae
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Arachis burchellii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis lutescens Krapov. & Rigoni
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Arachis macedoi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis marginata Gardner
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Arachis pietrarellii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis prostrata Benth.—grassnut
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Arachis retusa Krapov. et al.
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Arachis setinervosa Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis submarginata Valls et al.
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Arachis villosulicarpa Hoehne
Section Heteranthae
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Arachis sylvestris (A. Chev.) A. Chev.
Section Procumbentes
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Arachis appressipila Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
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Arachis chiquitana Krapov. et al.
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Arachis kretschmeri Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis hassleri Krapov. et al.
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Arachis lignosa (Chodat & Hassl.) Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis matiensis Krapov. et al.
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Arachis pflugeae C. E. Simpson et al.
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Arachis rigonii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis subcoriacea Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
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Arachis vallsii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Section Rhizomatosae
Series Prorhizomatosae
Series Rhizomatosae
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Arachis glabrata Benth.
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var. glabrata Benth.
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var. hagenbeckii (Harms) F. J. Herm.
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Arachis pseudovillosa (Chodat & Hassl.) Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Section Trierectoides
Section Triseminatae
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Arachis triseminata Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Hybrids
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Arachis × batizogaea Krapov. & A. Fernández
External links
