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Apries () is the name by which Herodotus and Diodorus Siculus designate Wahibre Haaibre, a pharaoh of Egypt (), the fourth king (counting from Psamtik I) of the Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt. He was equated with the Ouaphris () of Manetho, who correctly records that he reigned for 19 years. Apries is also called Hophra in (; ). gives the written form of this particular name.
According to classical historians, Apries campaigned in the Levant, took Sidon and so terrified the other cities of Phoenicia that he secured their submission. However, this supposed submission was likely short lived. A recently uncovered stela from Tahpanhes records that attempted to invade Egypt in but Apries' forces were capable to repel the invasion.
In Cyrenaica to the west, Battus II of Cyrene had encouraged further Greek settlement in his city, especially from the Peloponnese and Crete. This sparked conflict with the indigenous Libyans, whose king Adicran appealed to Apries for help around Apries launched a military expedition against Cyrene, but was decisively defeated at the Battle of Irasa.
When the defeated army returned home, a civil war broke out in the Egyptian army between the indigenous troops and the foreign mercenaries. The Egyptians threw their support to a general who had led Egyptian forces in a highly successful invasion of Nubia in under Pharaoh Apries' father. Amasis quickly declared himself pharaoh in and Apries fled Egypt and sought refuge in a foreign country. When Apries marched back to Egypt in with the aid of a Babylonian army to reclaim the throne of Egypt, he was likely killed in battle with Amasis' forces. Alternatively, Herodotus holds that Apries survived the battle, and was captured and treated well by the victorious Amasis, until the Egyptian people demanded justice against him, whereby he was placed into their hands and strangled to death. Amasis thus secured his kingship over Egypt and was then its unchallenged ruler.
Amasis, however, reportedly treated Apries' mortal remains with respect and observed the proper funerary rituals by having Apries' body carried to Sais and buried there with "full military honours." Amasis, the former general who had declared himself pharaoh, also married Apries' daughter, Khedebneithirbinet II, to legitimise his accession to power. While Herodotus claimed that the wife of Apries was called Nitetis (, in Greek language), "there are no contemporary references naming her" in Egyptian records.
Eusebius placed the eclipse of Thales in in the eighth or twelfth year of Apries' reign.
(2025). 9788876427367, Scuola Normale Superiore. ISBN 9788876427367
Monuments
An obelisk which Apries erected at Sais was moved by the 3rd century AD Roman Emperor Diocletian and originally placed at the Temple of Isis in Rome. It is today located in front of the Santa Maria sopra Minerva basilica church in Rome.
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