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A god, Ḫuškia (name suggested to mean "Furious one of the netherworld"), associated with Nergal is said to have had a temple at Apiak.Frayne, Douglas R. and Stuckey, Johanna H., "Ḫ", A Handbook of Gods and Goddesses of the Ancient Near East: Three Thousand Deities of Anatolia, Syria, Israel, Sumer, Babylonia, Assyria, and Elam, University Park, USA: Penn State University Press, pp. 126-136, 2021 A Rubātum is known to have been a nadītu of Nergal at Apiak in the Old Babylonian period.Spada, Gabriella, "Review of Walter Ray Bodine: How Mesopotamian Scribes Learned to Write Legal Documents. A Study of the Sumerian Model Contracts in the Babylonian Collection at Yale University", Lewiston/Lampeter: The Edwin Mellen Press, 2015
An inscription of Dudu of Akkad (c. 2189-2168 BC) reads:
The text Cadaster of Ur-Nammu (c. 2112-2094 BC), first Ur III Empire ruler, known from two Old Babylonian period copies, defines four neighboring Ur III provinces (out of 19 total), Kiritab, Apiak, Urum, and Marada. Apiak was bordered by Kiritab in the north.
In the Casdaster the maintenance of the province boundary is the responsibility of Meslamta'ea of Apiak.[2]Flückiger-Hawker, Esther, "Urnamma of Ur in Sumerian literary tradition", Vol. 166. Saint-Paul, 1999Kraus, F., "Provinzen des neusumerischen Reiches von Ur", ZA NF 51, pp. 45-75, 1955Postgate, John Nicholas, "Cities and States: Recognition and Rivalry", City of Culture 2600 BC: Early Mesopotamian History and Archaeology at Abu Salabikh, Archaeopress, pp. 183–92, 2024
The Ur III provinces, from north to south were Sippar, Tiwe, Urum, Puö, Gudua, Babylon, Kis, Kazallu, Apiak, Marad, Nippur, Uru-sagrig, Isin, Adab, Suruppak, Umma, Girsu, Uruk, and Ur.Sharlach, Tonia, "Provincial Taxation and the Ur III State" CM 26. Leiden: Brill, 2004 Two governors of Apiak under Ur III are known, Šu-Tirum (šu-ti-ru-um) and Šarrum-bani (šar-ru-um-ba-ni) during the later half of the reign of Amar-Sin.Sharlach, T. M., "Lives of the Wives: Nin-kalla and Shulgi-simti", An Ox of One's Own: Royal Wives and Religion at the Court of the Third Dynasty of Ur, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, pp. 101-138, 2017Sharlach, Tonia, "Princely Employments in the Reign of Shulgi", Journal of Ancient Near Eastern History, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1-68, 2022Douglas Frayne, "Amar-Suena E3/2.1.3", Ur III Period (2112-2004 BC), Toronto: University of Toronto Press, pp. 235-284, 1997 Another has been suggested, Babati, based on a text "... Babati, the scribe, auditor ... and governor of Awal and Apiak; canal inspector who has irrigated the land; ... temple administrator of Bēlat-Terraban and Bēlat-Śuḫnir, ...".Owen, David I., "Random Notes on a Recent Ur III Volume", Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 108, no. 1, pp. 111–22, 1988 Šarrum-bani is assumed to be the one of that name to have also been a general (šagina), married a princess, and be part of the military Correspondence of the Kings of Ur.Michalowski, Piotr, "Love or Death? Observations on the Role of the Gala in Ur III Ceremonial Life", Journal of Cuneiform Studies, vol. 58, pp. 49–61, 2006Michalowski, Piotr, "History as Charter Some Observations on the Sumerian King List", Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 103, no. 1, 1983, pp. 237–48, 1983Michalowski, Piotr, "The Royal Letters in Their Historical Setting 2: Great Walls, Amorites, and Military History: The Puzur-Šulgi and Šarrum-bani Correspondence (Letters 13–14 and 19–20)", The Correspondence of the Kings of Ur: An Epistolary History of an Ancient Mesopotamian Kingdom, University Park, USA: Penn State University Press, pp. 122-169, 2011
Apiak was controlled by the founding Isin ruler Ishbi-Erra (c. 2017-1986 BC).De Graef, Katrien, "Bad Moon Rising: The Changing Fortunes of Early Second-Millennium BCE Ur", Ur in the Twenty-First Century CE: Proceedings of the 62nd Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale at Philadelphia, July 11–15, 2016, edited by Grant Frame, Joshua Jeffers and Holly Pittman, University Park, USA: Penn State University Press, pp. 49-88, 2021 There is a palace inscription and a copy of a dedication to Nergal of Apiak on a votive lion sculpture of Damiq-ilishu (c. 1816–1794 BC), final ruler of the First Dynasty of Isin "To Nergal of Apiak, important lord, lion possessing strength, his god, for the life of Damiq-ilišu, ...".Frayne, Douglas ,"Isin", Old Babylonian Period (2003-1595 B.C.): Early Periods, Volume 4, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, pp. 102-106, 1990 A year name of Larsa ruler Sin-Iqisham (c. 1836-1835 BC) records "Year (Sin-iqiszam) made (statues) of / for Numushda, Namrat and Lugal-apiak and brought them into the city of Kazallu".Richardson, Seth, "Early Mesopotamia: the presumptive state", in Past & Present, no. 215, pp. 3–49, 2012
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