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An anaplastologist (also known as a maxillofacial prosthetist and technologist in the United Kingdom) is an individual who has the knowledge and skill set to provide the service of customizing a facial (craniofacial prosthesis), ocular or somatic prosthesis. In locations around the world that facial, ocular and somatic prostheses are not readily available, a dentist who specializes in maxillofacial prosthetics (prosthodontics), or a dental technician or an ocularist, may also be titled an anaplastologist. In urban area or more developed locations, an individual referred to as an anaplastologist is one who solely works with facial, ocular or somatic prostheses. In such a setting, the anaplastologist sometimes collaborates with prosthodontists and ocularists.
The studies of an anaplastologist consist of the arts and sciences. Visual arts are studied, namely photography, illustration, sculpture, and painting. Biology, behavioral sciences, materials science, and physics are the studied sciences with emphases in superficial anatomy and physiology of humans, polymer science, optics, dermatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, otolaryngology, and oncology to name a few.
Certification in the field of anaplastology is provided by the Board for Certification in Clinical Anaplastology (BCCA). Professionals certified by the BCCA are designated as Certified Clinical Anaplastologists and denote their credential with the CCA title.
World War I caused exponential growth and organization for the fields of Anaplastology, plastic surgery, and surgical anesthesia. Due to the invention of trench warfare, artillery, machine guns, and gas attacks, facial injuries were seen on a scale never experienced before. But, the field of plastic surgery was just beginning to emerge. Most techniques focused on saving the patient, not ensuring quality of life if they lived. Many soldiers felt that the contributions of Ladd and other early anaplastologists were the best choice, allowing them to reintegrate back into society with less "stopping and staring" from other civilians.
In 1980 Walter G. Spohn and a group of like-minded colleagues found the American Anaplastology Association (AAA) at Stanford University, in Palo Alto, California.
In the 2004 film, The Libertine, John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, as portrayed by American actor Johnny Depp is shown to wear a facial mask to cover the sores on his face caused by syphilis.
In the 2010 television show Boardwalk Empire, the character Richard Harrow wears a tin mask with glasses to hide the disfigurement of his face he endured during his service as a soldier in World War I.
In the 2017 Wonder Woman movie, the character Dr. Maru, also known as Dr. Poison, is a chemist working with the Germans in WWI. In the film, Dr. Maru wears a primitive mask colored and shaped like her face, to cover the bottom left side of her face.
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