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Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1915. Excerpt: ... SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES I THE SUBSIDENCE OF FORCE IN THE NARROWER SOCIAL RELATIONS A familiar illustration of the subsidence of the appeal to physical force in individual relationships is furnished by the almost complete disappearance of slavery from modern life. In Rome''s palmiest days three-fourths of the people were slaves, chained in the fields when at work, chained at night in their dormitories, or chained to the doorways as porters. Slavery was the foundation of a type of society which has not had the vitality to survive. It was discovered that free labor was more profitable than slave labor because the free man took an intelligent interest in his work. Mr. Angell graphically illustrates it, Here are two men: one is digging; the other is standing over him with a whip or a weapon. We are apt to think of one as bond, and the other as free; but both are bond. If the man with the whip or weapon is thirsty, and wants to go to the river to drink, he cannot; his slave would run away. He is sleepy and wants to sleep, equally he cannot. He would like to hunt; equally he cannot. He is bound, tied to the slave much as the slave is tied to him. His work of control, compulsion, watching, whatever you care to call it, is not directly productive at all; it is only indirectly productive, necessitated by the resistance of the slave. If we can imagine the slave driver or owner, wearied with this arrangement, saying to the slave, ''I am going hunting, and if you will stay here and do this task during the day, I will give you half of the proceeds of my hunt,'' and the slave agreeing to this, you double the productivity of the two men; you have two producing instead of one. Indeed, you have more, because if the offer is such as really to involve a voluntary agreement on the ...
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