Beyond Carnival, James N. Green's sweeping history of male homosexuality in Brazil, reveals the ongoing struggle of men coping with societal resistance to their lifestyles, creating vibrant subcultures, and finding their way in a society that is not so accepting of them as the annual Carnival might suggest.
^Green, James Naylor (2015). Beyond Carnival : Male Homosexuality in Twentieth-Century Brazil, Univ of Chicago Pr. BiggerBooks. ISBN 9780226306391 (revised Feb 2024)
^ (2013). Beyond Carnival : Male Homosexuality in Twentieth-Century BrazilECampus. ISBN 9780226306391 (revised Jul 2015)