Sterilization may refer to:
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Sterilization (microbiology), killing or inactivation of micro-organisms
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Soil steam sterilization, a farming technique that sterilizes soil with steam in open fields or greenhouses
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Sterilization (medicine) renders a human unable to reproduce
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Neutering is the surgical sterilization of animals
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Irradiation induced sterility is used in the sterile insect technique
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A chemosterilant is a chemical compound that causes sterility
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Sterilization (economics), central bank operations aimed at neutralizing foreign exchange operations' impact on domestic money supply, or offset adverse consequences of large capital flows
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A very severe enough extinction event that permanently renders a planet like Earth completely uninhabitable to even microbial life.
See also