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   » » Wiki: Cyperaceae
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The Cyperaceae () are a family of (grass-like), flowering plants known as . The family is large; botanists have described some 5,500 known species in about 90

(2025). 9781842461990, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
the largest being the "true " (genus ), with over 2,000 species.


Distribution
Cyperaceae species are widely distributed with the centers of diversity for the group occurring in and tropical . While sedges grow in almost all environments, many thrive in or in poor soils. Ecological communities dominated by sedges are known as s or as .


Classification
Some species superficially resemble the closely related and the more distantly related . Features distinguishing members of the sedge family from grasses or rushes are stems with triangular cross-sections (with occasional exceptions, a notable example being the tule that has a round cross-section) and leaves that are spirally arranged in three . In comparison, grasses have alternate leaves, forming two ranks. This difference leads to the mnemonic "sedges have edges" in order to tell them apart from generally round or hollow, nodded .

Some well-known sedges include the water chestnut ( Eleocharis dulcis) and the papyrus sedge ( ), from which the writing material was made. This family also includes cotton-grass ( ), spike-rush ( ), sawgrass ( ), nutsedge or nutgrass (also called chufa, Cyperus esculentus/ , a cultivated crop and common weed), white star sedge ( Rhynchospora colorata), and umbrella sedge ( Cyperus alternifolius), also known as umbrella papyrus


Features
Members of this family are characterised by the formation of (carrot-like) roots that are an alteration in root morphology that researchers regard as analogous to in , which help uptake of nutrients such as from poor soil. Like other members of the order Poales, sedges are mostly , but there are exceptions. and Cyperus sphaerocephalus, both with accordingly more conspicuous flowers, are insect-pollinated.


Evolution
Researchers have identified sedges occurring at least as early as the epoch.


Genera
, 93 genera are accepted by 's Plants of the World Online.


External links

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