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A stuffed toy is a with an outer fabric from a and stuffed with flexible material. They are known by many names, such as plush toys, plushies, lovies and stuffies; in Britain and Australia, they may also be called soft toys or cuddly toys. In the late 19th century, and the company of Germany created the first stuffed animals, which gained popularity after a political cartoon of Theodore Roosevelt in 1902 inspired the idea for "". In 1903, was the first fictional character to be made into a patented stuffed toy. In 1921, A. A. Milne gave a stuffed bear to his son Christopher which would inspire the creation of . In the 1970s, London-based , the world's oldest toy store, bought the rights to stuffed toys. In the 1990s, created , a series of animals stuffed with plastic pellets that were popular as collector's items.

Stuffed toys are made in many different forms, but most resemble real (sometimes with exaggerated proportions or features), mythological creatures, characters, or inanimate objects. They can be commercially or home-produced from numerous materials, most commonly pile textiles like for the outer material and synthetic fiber for the stuffing. Often these toys are designed for children, but stuffed toys are popular for a range of ages and uses and have been marked by in that sometimes affected and the value of the toys.


Description
Stuffed toys are distinguishable from other toys mainly by their softness, flexibility, and resemblance to animals or fictional characters. Stuffed toys most commonly take the form of animals, especially bears (in the case of teddy bears), mammalian such as and , and highly recognizable animals such as , , , , and . Many fictional animal-like characters from movies, TV shows, books, or other forms often appear in stuffed toy versions, as do both real and fictional humans if the individual or character is famous enough. These toys are filled with soft plush material.

Stuffed toys come in an array of different sizes, with the smallest being thumb-sized and the largest being larger than a house. However, the largest somewhat commonly produced stuffed toys are not much bigger than a person. Most stuffed toys are designed to be an appropriate size for easy . They also come in a wide variety of colors, cloth surfaces, fur textures, and humanizing embellishments.

Stuffed toys are commonly sold in stores worldwide. Vendors are often abundant at tourist attractions, airports, carnivals, fairs, downtown parks, and general public meeting places of almost any nature, especially if there are children present.


History
Hoffmann von Fallersleben wrote in 1835: "Bring’ uns, lieber Weihnachtsmann, Bring’ auch morgen, bringe Musketier und Grenadier, Zottelbär und Pantherthier, Roß und Esel, Schaf und Stier, Lauter schöne Dinge!" which can be translated as: "Dear Father Christmas, bring us musketeer and grenadier, shaggy bear and panther, steed and donkey, sheep and steer: lots of lovely things."

In 1878, , an American magazine that offered sewing patterns, offered a "Pattern for an elephant and blanket" that was intended to be a child's toy.

Two years later, the first known commercially available stuffed elephant originally sold as a , was made by , founder of the German company in 1880, using the Delinator pattern.Soft toys. (2003). In J. Miller (Ed.), Miller's antiques encyclopedia (2nd ed.). Mitchell Beazley. Steiff used newly developed technology for manufacturing to make its stuffed toys.

(1999). 9780674030077, Harvard University Press. .
In 1892, the became one of the first mass-produced stuffed animal toys in the United States, which was sold as "The Tabby Cat" printed pattern on by Arnold Print Works.

The toy industry significantly expanded in the early 20th century. In 1903, , nephew of Margarete, designed a soft stuffed bear that differed from earlier traditional because it was made of plush furlike fabric. As an art student in Stuttgart he visited the zoo and sketched the bears, which became the inspiration for his first life-like toy bear, known as "55 PB". At the same time, in the US, created the first teddy bear after being inspired by a drawing of President "Teddy" Roosevelt with a bear cub. In 1903, the character from English author was the first fictional character to be made into a patented stuffed toy. The following year they went on sale and were mass produced by Steiff. The popularity of stuffed toys grew, with numerous manufacturers forming in Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Many people also handmade their own stuffed toys. For instance, originated when parents turned old socks into toys during the .

In 1921, A. A. Milne bought a stuffed toy from department store in London for his son Christopher Robin, a toy which would later inspire the author's creation of . Stuffed toys of , a character created by , were first produced by the family of in 1972, with the family eventually selling the rights to London-based , the world's oldest toy store. More recent lines of stuffed animals have been created around unique concepts, like , introduced in 2001, with a number of recognizable characters and overarching style.

Modern plushies from are known for styles, generally thought of as (at least globally) starting with 's , with many popular characters from popular media like and from Pokémon, and characters from company including and the italic=no characters. There is also a trend of Japanese plushies being shaped like .


Psychology
Children, as well as adults, can form connections with their stuffed toys, often sleeping or cuddling with them for comfort. They can be sentimental objects that reduce anxiety around separation, , and . In 2019 about a third of British adults reported sleeping with soft toys, and almost half had kept their childhood toys.


Production
Stuffed toys are made from a range of materials. The earliest were created from felt, , or and stuffed with straw, , or .
(2025). 9780750938501, Sutton Publishing.
Following World War II, manufacturers began to adopt more synthetic materials into production, and in 1954, the first teddy bear made from easily washable materials was produced. Modern stuffed toys are commonly constructed of outer fabrics such as plain cloth, pile textiles like or , or sometimes socks. Common stuffing materials include , batting, , , , , and . Some modern toys incorporate technology to move and interact with the user.

Manufacturers sell two main types of stuffed toys: licensed, which are toys of characters or other licensed properties, or basic, which take the shape of ordinary animals or other non-licensed subjects.

Stuffed toys can also be homemade from numerous types of fabric or . For instance, is a traditional Japanese type of or stuffed toy typically made with an oversized head and undersized extremities to look ('cute').

(2025). 9780740778124, Andrews McMeel. .
(2025). 9780596529284, O'Reilly Media. .


Cultural impact, marketing, and collectors
Stuffed toys are among the most popular toys, especially for children. Their uses include imaginative play, , display or collecting, and gifts to both children and adults for occasions such as graduation, illness, condolences, Valentine's Day, , or birthdays. In 2018, the global market for stuffed toys was estimated to be , with the growth in target consumers expected to drive sales upwards.


Fads
Many stuffed toys have become that have boosted the industry overall. Teddy bears were an early fad that quickly grew into a cultural phenomenon. Close to 100 years later, in the 1990s, created , a series of animals stuffed with plastic pellets. The toys became a fad through marketing strategies that increased demand and encouraged collection. , which can be folded from a pillow into a stuffed animal, were another successful brand, launching in 2003 and selling more than 30 million toys between 2010 and 2016.

Other recent fads have involved toys paired with technology. Tickle Me Elmo, a laughing and shaking plush toy based on the character from the television show, was released in 1996 and was soon in demand, with some people buying and reselling the toy for hundreds of dollars. "Just Tickled" . People, 13 January 1997. This popularity sparked similar fads, including the talking plush toy released in 1998 and ZhuZhu Pets, a line of robotic plush hamsters released in 2009.

The Internet also presented an opportunity for new stuffed toy fads. In 2005, Ganz launched its stuffed toys, which each came with a different "Secret Code" that gave access to the Webkinz World website and a of the toy for online play. Webkinz's success inspired the creation of other stuffed toys containing codes to unlock digital content, such as the former Disney's and Build-A-Bearville from Build-A-Bear Workshop. In 2013, launched its first collection of Disney Tsum Tsum stuffed toys based on characters from different Disney properties. Inspired by the popular app of the same name, Tsum Tsums were first released in Japan (an example of shaped plushies) before expanding to the United States. More recently, in 2021, have made an appearance as a popular Internet fad and collector's item.


See also
  • List of stuffed toy manufacturers

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