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Potassium peroxymonosulfate is widely used as an oxidizing agent, for example, in pools and spas (usually referred to as monopersulfate or "MPS") and as a biological disinfectant, Virkon. It is the potassium salt of peroxymonosulfuric acid.
Potassium peroxymonosulfate per se is rarely encountered. It is often confused with the triple salt , known as Oxone.
The standard electrode potential for potassium peroxymonosulfate is +1.81 V with a half reaction generating the hydrogen sulfate ():
Oxone, which is commercially available, is produced from peroxysulfuric acid, which is generated in situ by combining oleum and hydrogen peroxide. Careful neutralization of this solution with potassium hydroxide allows the crystallization of the triple salt.
Further illustrative of the oxidative power of this salt is the conversion of an acridine derivative to the corresponding acridine-N-oxide.
Oxone oxidizes thioether to and then to .
Oxone converts to , which are used for diverse oxidations in organic synthesis. The dominant reagent dimethyldioxirane (DMDO) forms upon treatment of acetone with oxone. Dioxiranes are versatile, especially for the epoxidation of olefins. Dioxiranes are also oxidize other unsaturated functionality, heteroatoms, and alkane C-H bonds.
Oxone is used in the production of some organic , notably the oxidation of 2-iodobenzoic acid to 2-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX).
Ammonium, sodium, and potassium salts of are used in the plastics industry as radical initiators for polymerization. They are also used as etching, oxidative desizing agents for textile fabrics, and for decolorizing and deodorizing oils.
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