Bay

 ( Bodies Of Water ) 

A bay is a recessed, body of water that directly connects to a larger main body of water, such as an ocean, a lake, or another bay. A large bay is usually called a gulf, sea, sound, or bight. A cove is a small, circular bay with a narrow entrance. A fjord is an elongated bay formed by glacial action. The term embayment is also used for , such as extinct bays or freshwater environments.

A bay can be the estuary of a river, such as the Chesapeake Bay, an estuary of the Susquehanna River. Bays may also be nested within each other; for example, James Bay is an arm of Hudson Bay in Atlantic Canada. Some large bays, such as the Bay of Bengal and Hudson Bay, have varied marine geology.

The land surrounding a bay often reduces the strength of and blocks . Bays may have as wide a variety of shoreline characteristics as other shorelines. In some cases, bays have beaches, which "are usually characterized by a steep upper foreshore with a broad, flat fronting terrace".Maurice Schwartz, Encyclopedia of Coastal Science (2006), p. 129. Bays were significant in the history of human settlement because they provided easy access to marine resources like Fishery. Later they were important in the development of sea trade as the safe they provide encouraged their selection as .

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Definition The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea defines a bay as a well-marked indentation in the coastline, whose penetration is in such proportion to the width of its mouth as to contain land-locked waters and constitute more than a mere curvature of the coast. An indentation, however, shall not be regarded as a bay unless its area is as large as (or larger than) that of the semi-circle whose diameter is a line drawn across the mouth of that indentation — otherwise it would be referred to as a bight. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

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Types

• Open bay — a bay that is widest at the mouth, flanked by .
• Enclosed bay — a bay whose mouth is narrower than its widest part, flanked by at least one peninsula.
• Semi-enclosed bay — an open bay whose exit is made into narrower channels by one or more within its mouth.
• Back-barrier bay — a semi-enclosed bay separated from open water by one or more or spits.

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Formation There are various ways in which bays can form. The largest bays have developed through plate tectonics.

(1982). 9780112022572, The Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 9780112022572

As the super-continent Pangaea broke up along curved and indented fault lines, the continents moved apart and left large bays; these include the Gulf of Guinea, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Bay of Bengal, which is the world's largest bay.

Bays also form through coastal erosion by rivers and . A bay formed by a glacier is a fjord. are created by rivers and are characterised by more gradual slopes. Deposits of softer rocks erode more rapidly, forming bays, while harder rocks erode less quickly, leaving .

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See also

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Notes

Categories: Bodies Of Water, Coastal And Oceanic Landforms, Coastal Geography, Oceanographical Terminology

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