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The House of Pamphili (often with the final long i orthography, Pamphilj) was one of the papacy families deeply entrenched in Catholic Church, Rome and Italy politics of the 16th and 17th centuries. The Telegraph - Who will inherit the Doria Pamphilj family's legacy?
Later, the Pamphili family line merged with the Doria and Landi family lines to form the Doria-Pamphili-Landi family line.
The peak of Pamphili power came with the election of Giovanni Battista Pamphili as Pope Innocent X, who reigned from 1644–1655. Like the reign of his predecessor Pope Urban VIII (of the equally papal Barberini family), Innocent X's rule was littered with examples of nepotism. Members of the Pamphili family did exceptionally well from the Innocent X papacy.
The following family members were created cardinals:
Like other Italian noble families, the Pamphili bought property ( palazzi or "palaces" and other estates) and created self-styled principality. Family members regularly had princely titles bestowed upon them by family patriarchs or matriarchs. Olimpia Maidalchini received the honorific title of Princess of San Martino, effectively turning the small enclave of San Martino into a principality in its own right. After he left the cardinalate to marry, Camillo Pamphili was given the titles of Prince of San Martino and Prince of Valmontone (he bought the Valmontone comune in 1634 from the Barberini family).
Pope Urban VIII died in 1644 only two months after a peace accord was signed between the papal families and the dukes. Pope Innocent X was elected to replace him. Innocent set about investigating some of the finances related to the conflict which had been administered by the Barberini. A number of Barberini family members were forced into exile but were later reconciled with the papacy and the Pamphili through the marriage of Maffeo Barberini (son of exiled Taddeo Barberini) and Olimpia Giustiniani, a niece of Pope Innocent X.
On the orders of Innocent X, Castro was razed on 2 September 1649 by troops of the Papal Army and never rebuilt.
In 1634 the Pamphilj bought the baronial palace in Valmontone, a town near Palestrina, outside (Rome): Camillo Pamphili was determined to create a sort of new “ideal city”, so the palace and the main church were rebuilt and decorated by important baroque artists, like the architect Mattia de Rossi (who rose to prominence under the mentorship of Bernini), and the painters Pier Francesco Mola, Gaspard Dughet, Guglielmo Cortese, Francesco Cozza and Mattia Preti.
Another building in central Rome is the Palazzo Doria Pamphilj, which houses the gallery of the same name.
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