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Myrsinoideae is a subfamily of the family Primulaceae in the Taxonomic rank Ericales. It was formerly recognized as the family Myrsinaceae, or the myrsine family, consisting of 35 genera and about 1000 species. It is widespread in temperate to tropical climates extending north to Europe, Siberia, Japan, Mexico, and Florida, and south to New Zealand, South America, and South Africa.
Plants are mostly mesophytic and ; a few are or Herbaceous plant. Their leathery, evergreen Leaf are simple and Phyllotaxis, with smooth margins and without . They are often dotted with glands and resinous cavities. The latter may take the form of secretory lines.
The plants are mostly Plant sexuality, but a few are Plant sexuality. Their small are arranged in Raceme terminal clusters, or in the leaf axils. The flowers have four or five and . The floral envelope (perianth) has a distinct calyx and corolla. The calyx is Floral symmetry and polysepalous. The nonfleshy petals of the corolla are more or less united, closely overlapping. The four or five are usually isomerous with the perianth. The carpel has one style and one stigma, with the ovary Locule, superior or semi-inferior.
The one-seeded, indehiscent fruit is a thin-fleshed berry or drupe. North American species are the marlberry ( Ardisia escalloniodes) and the Florida rapanea ( Myrsine cubana).
Plants in the subfamily have few Economic botany. A few genera, such as Ardisia, Cyclamen, Lysimachia, and Myrsine, are grown as , especially Ardisia crispa and Myrsine africana. One species, Ardisia japonica (Chinese: 紫金牛; pinyin: zǐjīn niú), is one of the 50 fundamental herbs in traditional Chinese medicine.
In the APG III system and onwards, the Myrsinaceae were not recognized, but were sunk into Primulaceae, which in that system is circumscribed very broadly.
The following genera, traditionally categorized in Primulaceae sensu lato, should, according to Källersjö et al. (2000), belong to the Myrsinoideae (the clade of Myrsinaceae s. l.): Anagallis, Ardisiandra, Asterolinon, Coris, Cyclamen, Glaux, Lysimachia, Pelletiera and Trientalis.
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