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Hormozgan province () is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Bandar Abbas.
The province is in the south of the country, in Iran's Region 2 facing Oman, the United Arab Emirates and the Hormuz Straits. Its area is , SCI.org The province has 14 islands in the Persian Gulf and of coastline.
The province is said to have been particularly prosperous between 241 BC and 211 BC, but grew even further in trade and commercial significance with the beginning of the Islamic era.
Marco Polo visited the port of Bandar Abbas in 1272 and 1293. He reported widespread trading in Persian jewelry, ivory and silk of Indochina, and from Bahrain in the bazaars of the port of Hormuz.
In 1497 Europeans landed in the region for the first time, headed by Vasco da Gama. In 1508 the Portugal, led by Afonso de Albuquerque invaded the area with seven warships, under the pretext of protecting their interests from Egypt and Venice. The port of Hormuz at the time was considered strategically positioned for commercial interests in the Persian Gulf.
Ismail I who was trying to counter the Ottoman Empire to the west, was unable to save the port from the Portuguese, until Shah Abbas I was finally able to drive them out of the Persian Gulf with the aid of the British. The name of Bandar Abbas comes directly from the name of Shah Abbas I.
The British, meanwhile, were competing for influence in the region with Dutch colonialists, who invaded Qeshm Island and dispatched warships to Bandar Abbas during the final years of Shah Abbas' reign. The Persian government was unable to defend itself against this attack. However, with the souring of British and Dutch relations, military tensions grew in the region. The Dutch finally resorted to moving their base up to Kharg Island.
The Emir of Kharg Island, Mir Mahna Baloch and Hammal Jiand Kalmati with Baloch people army defeated the Europeans from Bandar Abbas till Karachi, so with the Dutch and other forces at Kharg, the British were firmly in charge of the entire region. Soon Britain took control over the entire Persian Gulf via the British East India Company. The British adopted policy encouraging local autonomy throughout the Persian Gulf to in order to prevent a formidable unified force from threatening their establishments in the gulf.
The strategic importance of the Persian Gulf further increased after World War I with the discovery of oil in the region.
| + Hormozgan province |
| 7,402 |
| 680,366 |
| 159,358 |
| 35,085 |
| 80,492 |
| 69,625 |
| 58,884 |
| 56,148 |
| 259,221 |
| 50,596 |
| 148,993 |
| 124,522 |
| 45,723 |
| 1,776,415 |
| 4,213 |
| 526,648 |
| 4,066 |
| 20,150 |
| 30,435 |
| 9,959 |
| 7,190 |
| 14,525 |
| 4,695 |
| 1,773 |
| 3,939 |
| 4,008 |
| 1,170 |
| 28,977 |
| 6,718 |
| 5,891 |
| 16,860 |
| 6,910 |
| 39,853 |
| 19,213 |
| 3,060 |
| 3,260 |
| 2,745 |
| 73,170 |
| 18,045 |
| 5,286 |
| 40,678 |
| 36,121 |
| 6,558 |
| 1,725 |
| 1,157 |
| 1,915 |
| 5,137 |
| 5,707 |
| 3,082 |
| 4,263 |
| 4,871 |
| 2,679 |
!10 | Jask | Jask County | 16,860 |
Germany has recently offered to build a bridge that would connect Qeshm island to the mainland, a formidable project.
Hormozgan has two free trade zones, one in Kish Island, the other on Qeshm island. Kish Island, situated in a free-trade zone, is home of the Iranian oil bourse (one of five exchanges of its kind in the world, and the only one explicitly not trading oil and derivatives in U.S. dollars).
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