Heinlein or Henlein is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
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Karl Heinlein (1892–1960), Austrian footballer
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Klaus Heinlein (born 1953), German footballer
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Konrad Henlein (1898–1945), Nazi German politician
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Martina Heinlein (born 1981), German field hockey player
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Max Hussarek von Heinlein (1865–1935), Austrian politician, Prime Minister in 1918
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Peter Henlein (1479/80–1542), German locksmith and watchmaker, often considered the inventor of the portable timepiece
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Robert A. Heinlein (1907–1988), American science fiction writer
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Virginia Heinlein (1916–2003), third wife of Robert A
