Fuscosporellales is an order of fungi within the division Ascomycota, subdivision Pezizomycotina and class Sordariomycetes.
It contains a single family, Fuscosporellaceae, with genera (with amount of species); Bactrodesmiastrum (5), Fuscosporella (2), Mucispora (2), Parafuscosporella (3), Plagiascoma (1 - Plagiascoma frondosum) and Pseudoascotaiwania (1 - Pseudoascotaiwania persoonii).
Phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU rRNA, SSU rRNA and RPB2 sequence data place these hitherto unidentified taxa close to Ascotaiwania and Bactrodesmiastrum. A robust clade containing a new combination Pseudoascotaiwania persoonii, Bactrodesmiastrum species, Plagiascoma frondosum and three new species, were then introduced into the new order of Fuscosporellales (in subclass Hypocreomycetidae, and class Sordariomycetes,National Astronomical Observatory of Japan ). A sister relationship for Fuscosporellales with Conioscyphales, Pleurotheciales and Savoryellales was strongly supported by sequence data.
Taxonomic novelties introduced in Fuscosporellales was four monotypic genera, viz. Fuscosporella, Mucispora, Parafuscosporella and Pseudoascotaiwania. Earlier, Bactrodesmiastrum and Plagiascoma were originally placed in Sordariomycetes genera incertae sedis. The divergence time for Fuscosporellales has been estimated as 190 MYA (million years ago).
Parafuscosporella moniliformis and Parafuscosporella mucosa, were later identified as the type and second species in their genus, respectively.
Fuscosporellales and Savoryellales were initially placed in Hypocreomycetidae (Sordariomycetes), but later, based on the phylogenetic and molecular clock analyses, they were referred to as a new subclass of Savoryellomycetidae (Sordariomycetes) along with Conioscyphales and Pleurotheciales by Hongsanan et al.
Asexual morphs of freshwater fungi have been mostly reported from tropical and subtropical regions. Such as species in Fuscosporella and Mucispora have been reported from freshwater habitats in Thailand and China. Also, two species of Parafuscosporella were isolated from unidentified submerged twigs in a freshwater stream of Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand.
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