Dubai International Airport
(
Dubaiairports.ae Official Website
)
- History
- Air traffic
- Statistics
- Infrastructure
- Control tower
- Terminals
- Passenger terminals
- Runways
- Accommodating the Airbus..
- Labour controversy
- Airlines and destination..
- Services
- Safety and security
- Operations
- Ground transportation
- Accidents and incidents
- In media
- See also
- References
- External links
Dubai International Airport () is the primary international airport serving Dubai, United Arab Emirates, and is the world's busiest airport by international passenger traffic as of 2024. It is also the busiest airport in the Middle East as of 2024, the second-busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic as of 2024, the busiest airport for Airbus A380 and Boeing 777 movements, and the airport with the highest average number of passengers per flight. In 2024, the airport handled over 92 million passengers, over 2.2 million tonnes of cargo and registered over 440,000 aircraft movements.
The airport is situated in the Al Garhoud district, east of the city center of Dubai and spread over an area of of land. Terminal 3 is the third-largest building in the world by floor space and the largest airport terminal in the world. In July 2019, the airport installed the largest solar energy system in the region's airports as part of Dubai's goal to reduce 30 per cent of the city energy consumption by 2030.
Emirates main hub is DXB. It is the primary operator from terminal 3, besides low-cost carrier Flydubai, which consists of three concourses. The Emirates hub is the largest airline hub in the Middle East; Emirates handles 51% of all passenger traffic and accounts for approximately 42% of all aircraft movements at the airport. The airport is also the base for Flydubai, which handles 13% of passenger traffic and 25% of aircraft movements at DXB. The airport has a total capacity of 90 million passengers annually. As of January 2025, over 8,500 weekly flights are operated by more than 100 airlines to over 270 destinations across all inhabited continents. Almost half of the travelers using the airport are connecting passengers.
In 2014, the airport indirectly supported over 400,000 jobs and contributed over US$26.7 billion to Dubai's economy, representing around 27% of Dubai's GDP and 21% of employment in the city.
DXB is planned to close once the expanded Al Maktoum International Airport (DWC) is fully operational. DWC will supersede DXB as Dubai's main airport and is planned to become the world's largest and busiest airport in terms of passengers, cargo and aircraft movements.
History
In the 1940s, flying from Dubai was by operated by British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC), operating the Horseshoe route from Southern Africa via the Persian Gulf to Sydney.
Construction
In May 1963, construction of a asphalt runway started. This new runway, alongside the original sand runway and taxiway opened in May 1965, together with several new extensions to the terminal Building, hangars were erected, and Airport and Navigational aids were installed. The installation of the Runway lighting continued after the official opening and was completed in August 1965. During the second half of the 1960s several extensions, equipment upgrades like a VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) and an instrument landing system (ILS), as well as new buildings, were constructed. By 1969, the airport was served by 9 airlines serving some 20 destinations.
The inauguration on 15 May 1966 was marked by the visits of the first big jets, De Havilland Comets of Middle East Airlines and Kuwait Airways.
The advent of wide-body aircraft required further airport development in the 1970s and plans for a new terminal, runways, and taxiways capable of coping with international flights were drawn up. The construction of a new terminal building (now Terminal 1) consisting of a three-story building long with an enclosed floor area of . A new control tower was also constructed. It consisted of a series of slender columns which at their tops spread to form squares and resemble stylized palm trees. The terminal also included four inclined piers which gave access to the apron via helical ramps at their outer ends. At the eastern end of the building was a golden dome-shaped VIP suite. In the terminal, passenger handling on the main, or first floor, operational services at ground level, and public lounges and restaurants on the top floor. This new terminal opened on 15th of May 1971.
The original terminal building, which was built in the 1960s, was abandoned after the construction of Terminal 1 in 1971 and was demolished in the early 1990s. The terminal was located a short way west of Terminal 1 and is now an aircraft parking area..
Expansion continued in the early 1970s including ILS Category II equipment, lengthening the existing runway to , installation of a non-directional beacon (NDB), diesel generators, taxiways, etc. This work made handling the Boeing 747 and Concorde possible. Several runway and apron extensions were carried out through the decade to meet growing demand.
The new precision category 2 Approach and Runway Lighting System was commissioned in 1971. The construction of the Airport Fire Station and the installation of the generators were completed in December 1971 and were fully operational in March 1972. The ruler of Dubai also commissioned and inaugurated the Long-range Surveillance System on 19 June 1973.
With the expansion of the Airport Fire Services, it became necessary to find more suitable hangars. A hangar-style building was made available for use at the end of 1976. This building was strategically located midway between the runway ends to facilitate efficient operations. Additionally, a new building was constructed to house the Airport Maintenance Engineer, Electronics Engineering section, and Stores unit.
Expansion and refurbishment of the Airport Restaurant and Transit Lounge, including a new kitchen, were completed in December 1978.
The next phase of development included the construction of a new runway, which was completed three months ahead of schedule and opened in April 1984. This runway, located 360 metres north of and parallel to the existing runway, was equipped with the latest meteorological, airfield lighting, and instrument landing systems, giving the airport a Category II classification.
The airport, by this time was served by 29 airlines.
Several extensions and upgrades were also made to the terminal facilities and supporting systems. On December 23, 1980, the airport became an ordinary member of the Airports Council International (ACI). The decline of Karachi International Airport is often attributed to the traffic Dubai diverted from it.
During 1980, a new terminal and an expansion of the current terminal was planned and the new terminal was set to open in 1981. However, the new terminal never materialized, but the expansion of the current terminal did happen.
During the 1980s, Dubai was a stopping point for airlines such as Air India, Cathay Pacific, Singapore Airlines, Malaysia Airlines, and others traveling between Asia and Europe that needed a refueling point in the Persian Gulf. Later made redundant with the availability of Russian airspace due to the breakup of the Soviet Union and the advent of longer-range aircraft introduced in the late 1980s and early 1990s such as the Airbus A340, the Boeing 747-400 and the Boeing 777 series aircraft, which had the ability to fly between Europe and Southeast Asia nonstop. British Airways flights from Islamabad to Manchester also stopped for short times during the 1980s, there was no requirement for passengers to get off.
Expansion
By the 2000s, according to satellite imagery from the early 2000s, the original 12,500 feet runway had closed and was used as a taxiway and some of it was used as part of the apron of Concourse C. It was closed because of the construction of Concourse C in 1996-2000.
Construction of Terminal 3 began in 2004 as the next stage of phase 2 of the development, with an estimated cost of around $4.55 billion. Completion was originally planned for 2006 but was delayed by two years.
On 30 May 2008, a topping-out ceremony was conducted. The terminal became operational on 14 October 2008, with Emirates Airline (EK2926) from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, being the first flight to arrive at the new terminal and EK843 to Doha, Qatar being the first departing flight. The terminal increased the airport's maximum annual passenger capacity by 47 million, bringing the total annual capacity to 75 million passengers.
On 29 October 2010, the airport marked its 50th anniversary. The airport has seen over 402 million passengers at an average annual growth rate of 15.5% and handled over 3.87 million aircraft at an average annual growth rate of 12.4%.
With the arrival of the Airbus A380, the airport made modifications costing $230 million. These included the building of 29 gates capable of handling large aircraft, five of which are in Terminal 3 and two are in Terminal 1. Other important projects at the airport include the next stage of phase 2 development, which includes the construction of Concourse 3. This will be a smaller version of Concourse 2, connected to Terminal 3.
Also as part of the expansion, the airport now handles at least 75 million (an increase of 19 million) passengers per annum with the opening of Concourse 3, part of Terminal 3. However, recent communications predict a further increase to 80 million passengers with additional reassessments of existing capacities. In 2009, Terminal 2 expanded its facilities to handle 5 million (an increase of 2 million) passengers annually, taking the airport's total capacity to 62 million passengers. Terminal 2 capacity was planned to bring the total capacity of the airport from the initial 75 million passengers to 80 million passenger capacity by 2012.
The Cargo Mega Terminal, which will have the capacity to handle 3 million tonnes of cargo a year, is a major development; it will be built in the long term. The completion of the mega terminal will be no later than 2018. Terminal 2 will be completely redeveloped to match the status of the other two terminals. With all of these projects completed by 2013, the airport expects to handle at least 75–80 million passengers and over 5 million tonnes of cargo.
The airport's landside facilities were modified to allow the construction of two stations for the Red Line of Dubai Metro. One station was built at Terminal 1 and the other at Terminal 3. The line began service on 9 September 2009 and opened in phases over the next year. The second Metro line, the Green Line, runs near the Airport Free Zone and has served the airport's north-eastern area with the Terminal 2 starting in September 2011.
With phase 2 of DXB's expansion plan complete, the airport now has three terminals and three concourses, two cargo mega terminals, an airport-free zone, an expo center with three large exhibition halls, a major aircraft maintenance hub and a flower center to handle perishable goods. A phase 3 which has been included in the master plan involves the construction of a new Concourse 4.
The airport revealed its future plans in May 2011, which involve the construction of a new Concourse D for all airlines currently operating from Concourse C. Concourse D is expected to bring the total capacity of the airport to over 90 million passengers and will open in early 2016. The plan also involves Emirates solely operating from Concourse C along with Concourse A and B.
In September 2012, Dubai Airports changed the names of concourses to make it easier for passengers to navigate the airport. Concourse 1, in which over 100 international airlines operate, became Concourse C (C1-C50). Concourse 2 became Concourse B (B1-B32) and Concourse 3 became Concourse A (A1-A24). The gates in Terminal 2 were changed and are now numbered F1 to F12. The remaining alpha-numeric sequences are being reserved for future airport facilities that are part of the Dubai Airports' $7.8 billion expansion programm, including Concourse D.
In December 2024, CEO Paul Griffiths declared that Dubai International Airport is rapidly expanding, with plans to enhance passenger experiences through advanced technologies like facial recognition and a focus on reducing wait times while maximizing shopping opportunities. He highlighted a $35 billion expansion of Dubai World Central, aiming to create smaller, more intimate airport experiences within a vast complex, ultimately positioning it to become the world's largest airport.
| + Summary of Dubai International Airport Masterplan |
| Initial capacity of 11 million passengers per annum. $540 million phase 1 launched. UAE: Dubai Airport targets 25 million passengers by year end. – IPR Strategic Business Information Database Encyclopedia.com (16 October 2005). Retrieved 03 August 2024. |
| Terminal 2 inaugurated on 1 May 1998, to alleviate congestion from Terminal 1, with a capacity of 2.5 million passengers annually. |
| Sheikh Rashid Terminal (Concourse C) – reopened 15 April 2000. Capable of handling 22 million passengers per annum. |
| Phase 2 |
| $4.5 bn ($545 m for the civils on T3 and concourse projects) launched. |
| Taxiways were strengthened. In addition, work on other taxiways in the area was expanded to complete the work associated with the newly commissioned second runway. |
| Construction of Dubai Flower Centre completed. |
| US$225 million VIP Pavilion for the Dubai Royal Wing opens in July. |
| Capable of handling 60 million passengers per annum with the opening of Terminal 3 – Concourse B |
| Extensions to Terminal 2 are completed – new check-in hall, departure area, and extensions to the terminal building. |
| New Concourse A constructed, enabling the airport to have a capacity of 80 million |
| Concourse D will be completed with a capacity of 15 million passengers. All airlines currently operating from concourse C will move to D. |
| Includes construction of Emirates Flight Catering Centre, Emirates Engineering Facility. |
| Opening of Emirates Engineering Facility – largest aircraft hangars in the world. |
| Opening of Emirates Flight Catering Centre, capable of producing 115,000 meals per day. |
| New Executive Flights Centre facility launched. |
| Runway refurbishment and upgrades after an 80-day project which ran from 1 May to 20 July 2014. During this period, DXB operated with one single runway. New LED lighting replaced the old tungsten runway lights and new taxiways were constructed enabling an increase in runway capacity. |
| Terminal 2 capacity increased to 10 million after the expansion was completed. |
Dubai's government announced the construction of a new airport in Jebel Ali, named Dubai World Central – Al Maktoum International Airport. It is expected to be the second-largest airport in the world by physical size, though not by passenger metrics. It opened 27 June 2010; however, construction is not expected to finish until 2027. The airport is expected to be able to accommodate up to 160 million passengers. There has been an official plan to build the Dubai Metro Purple Line to connect Al Maktoum International Airport to Dubai International Airport; construction was set to begin in 2012. The proposed Purple Line will link Dubai International Airport and Al Maktoum International Airport.
Concourse D opened on 24 February 2016 for all international airlines and moved out of Terminal 1. Emirates now operates from Concourses A, B, and C, all under Terminal 3. while FlyDubai operates from Terminal 2 (Concourse F).
| + Growth in traffic at Dubai International Airport |
| 70.476 million |
| 2.37 million |
| 240 |
| 7,500 |
| 140 |
On 20 December 2018 the airport celebrated its one billionth passenger.
In April 2024, the airport was submerged in water by floods and suffered extensive damage.
Air traffic
Main airlines based at DXB
- Emirates is the largest airline operating at the airport, with an all-wide-body fleet of over 200 Airbus and Boeing aircraft based at Dubai, providing scheduled services to the Middle East, Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, South America, Australia and New Zealand. It operates out of Terminal 3, Concourses A, B and C.
- Flydubai, a Low-cost carrier planning to operate over 100 aircraft on scheduled passenger services to and from Dubai, to the Middle East, Africa, Europe and South Asia. It operates from Terminal 2 and, since December 2018, also from Terminal 3 for selected destinations.
Recreational flying to Dubai is catered for by the Dubai Aviation Club, which undertakes flying training for private pilots and provides facilities for private owners.
The Government of Dubai provides short and long-range search and rescue services, police support, medical evacuation, and general-purpose flights for the airport and all VIP flights to the airport.
Statistics
| + !Year !Passengers !Cargo (tonnes) | ||
| 1970 | 242,361 | 11,774 |
| 1975 | 987,673 | 14,958 |
| 1976 | 1,309,067 | 51,885 |
| 1977 | 1,675,236 | 34,604 |
| 1978 | 2,066,048 | N/A |
Infrastructure
The original master plan for the existing airport initially involved a dual-terminal and one runway configuration over two phases with provisions for another two passenger terminals in the near future. Phase 1 included the construction of the first passenger terminal, the first runway, 70 aircraft parking bays, support facilities, and structures, including large maintenance hangar, the first fire station, workshops, and administrative offices, an airfreight complex, two cargo agents' buildings, in-flight catering kitchens and an control tower. Construction for the second phase would commence immediately after the completion of Phase 1 and include the second runway, 50 new aircraft parking bays in addition to the existing 70 bays, a second fire station, and a third cargo agent building.
The third phase included the construction of a new terminal (now the parts of Terminal 1's main building and Concourse C) and an additional 60 parking bays, as well as a new aircraft maintenance facility. Then, in the early 2000s (decade) a new master plan was introduced which began the development of the current concourses and terminal infrastructure.
Paul Griffiths (Dubai Airports' CEO) in his interview with Vision magazine, cited plans to build infrastructure to support the expansion of Emirates and budget airline flydubai and ascend the ranks of global aviation hubs.
Control tower
Terminals
Passenger terminals
Situated beside Terminal 2 is the Executive Flights Terminal, which has its own Airport check-in facilities for premium passengers and where transportation to aircraft in any of the other terminals is by personal buggy.
The three passenger terminals have a total handling capacity of around 80 million passengers a year.
Terminals 1 and 3 cater to international passengers, whilst Terminal 2 is for budget passengers and passengers flying to the subcontinent and Persian Gulf region; Terminals 1 and 3 handle 85% of the passenger traffic, and the Executive Flights terminal is for the higher-end travelers and important guests.
Terminal 1
The Terminal was originally built within the airport's old building to handle 18 million passengers; however, with extreme congestion at the terminal, the airport was forced to expand the terminal to accommodate the opening of 28 remote gates. Over the years, more mobile gates were added to the airport bringing the total as of 2010 to 28.
In 2013, Dubai Airports announced a major renovation for Terminal 1 and Concourse C. The renovations include upgraded baggage systems, replacement of check-in desks and a more spacious departure hall. Arrivals will also see improvements to help reduce waiting times. The renovation was completed by the middle of 2015.
- Concourse D
In May 2011, Paul Griffiths, chief executive of Dubai Airports revealed the Dubai Airport masterplan. It involves the construction of Concourse D (previously Terminal 4). With a capacity of 15 million, it would bring the total capacity of the airport to 90 million passengers by 2018—an increase of 15 million. It also will see Emirates take over the operation at Concourse C, along with Concourse A and B which it will already be operating. All remaining airlines will shift to Concourse D, or move to Al Maktoum International Airport. The airport projects that international passenger and cargo traffic will increase at an average annual growth rate of 7.2% and 6.7%, respectively, and that by 2020 passenger numbers at Dubai International Airport will reach 98.5 million and cargo volumes will top 4.1 million tonnes.
Concourse D will have a capacity of 15 million passengers, include 17 gates and will be connected to Terminal 1 via an automated people mover. On 6 February 2016, members of the public were invited to trial the concourse in preparation for its opening. On Wednesday, 24 February 2016, Concourse D officially opened with the first British Airways flight arriving at gate D8. "Dubai Airports invites public for new concourse trials" . Emirates 24/7. 12 January 2016. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
Concourse D and Terminal 1 reopened on 24 June 2021 following a year's closure due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Terminal 2
In June 2009, Terminal 2 became the hub of Air India Express and flydubai, and the terminal houses the airline's corporate head office." Terms and conditions ." Flydubai. Retrieved 21 June 2010. "The website is owned and operated by flydubai, whose principal office is at Dubai International Airport, Terminal 2, PO Box 353, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. flydubai is a Dubai corporation formed by the government of Dubai in July 2008."
Terminal 2 has undergone a major refurbishment recently, extending check-in and boarding facilities, changing the interior and exterior décor, and offering more dining choices to passengers. Capacity was increased to allow for 10 million passengers, an increase of 5 million.
The terminal has now increased the number of facilities available to passengers. Airport check-in have increased to 37. The boarding area is more spacious, with more natural light. Also, the new open boarding gates allow several flights to board simultaneously, improving passenger and aircraft movements. There are a total of 43 remote stands at the terminal. However, passengers cannot move between Terminal 2 to 1 or from 2 to 3 and vice versa inside the airport. They have to make use of Taxi services or public transport available outside.
The Dubai duty-free shopping area covers in departures and in arrivals. The extension included a larger arrivals hall as well.
Terminal 2 has no jetbridges and so passengers are bussed to the aircraft at gates F1-F12.
Terminal 3
In March 2023, United Airlines began services from Newark to Dubai, operating out of Terminal 3, becoming the only airline other than Emirates and flydubai to currently operate out of the terminal.
Upon completion, Terminal 3 was the largest building in the world by floor space, with over of space, capable of handling 60 million passengers in a year. A large part is located under the taxiway area and is directly connected to Concourse B: the departure and arrival halls in the new structure are beneath the airport's apron. Concourse A is connected to the terminal via a Terminal 3 APM. It has been operational since 14 October 2008, and opened in four phases to avoid collapse of baggage handling and other IT systems.
The building includes a multi-level underground structure, first and business class lounges, restaurants, 180 Airport check-in, and 2,600 car-parking spaces. The terminal offers more than double the previous retail area of Concourse C, by adding about and Concourse B's of shopping facilities.
In arrivals, the terminal contains 72 immigration counters and 14 . The baggage handling system—the largest system and also the deepest in the world—has a capacity to handle 8,000 bags per hour. The system includes 21 screening injection points, 49 make-up carousels, of conveyor belts capable of handling 15,000 items per hour at a speed of and 4,500 early baggage storage positions.
Concourse A
The concourse includes one hotel rating and one hotel rating, first- and business-class lounges, and duty-free areas. The total built-up area is . The concourse allows for multi-level boarding and boasts the largest first and business class lounges in the world. Each lounge has its own dedicated floor offering direct aircraft access from the lounges. The total amount of retail space at the concourse is , and there is also a total of 14 cafes and restaurants.
The total retail area in the concourse is approximately .
Concourse B
The concourse also includes the Emirates first and Business class lounges, and the Marhaba lounge. The First class lounge has a capacity of 1,800 passengers and a total area of . The Business class lounge has a capacity of 3,000 passengers and a total area of . The Marhaba Lounge, the smallest lounge at the concourse has a capacity of 300 passengers at a time.
The total retail area at the concourse is , which also includes 18 restaurants within the food court. There are also three hotels in the concourse; a hotel rating and a hotel rating.
There is a direct connection to Sheikh Rashid Terminal (Concourse C) located at the control tower structure through passenger walkways. There is also a 300-room hotel and health club including both five and four-star rooms. Concourse B includes five aerobridges that are capable of handling the new Airbus A380. "Dubai Airports to start first phase of operations at T3 from 14 Oct" virobel.com. Retrieved 03 August 2024. Emirates Airline continues to maintain a presence in Concourse C, operating 12 gates at the concourse as well as the Emirates First Class and Business Class Lounges.
Concourse C
The concourse includes over 17 food and beverage cafes and restaurants, with the food court being located on the Departures Level. Also located in the concourse is a hotel rating and a facility. Other facilities include prayer rooms and a medical center. Concourse C became part of Terminal 3 in 2016 after Concourse D opened.
Al Majlis VIP Pavilion and Dubai Executive Flight Terminal
Executive Flight Services (EFS) caters to those passengers of high class or special importance who travel through Dubai International Airport. It is the largest dedicated business aviation terminal of its kind in the Middle East. It is located at the Dubai Airport Free Zone close to Dubai International's Terminal 2. It only caters to private flights exclusive to the terminal. Airlines operating from the terminal are expected to maintain a lounge. In 2010, EFS handled 7,889 aircraft movements and 25,177 passengers.
The center itself is located close to Terminal 2 and includes a two-story main building, a hangar, a ramp area for aircraft parking and a special VIP car park for long term parking. The center also has its own immigration and customs sections, its own Dubai Duty-Free outlet, a fully equipped business and conference center, eight luxury private lounges, and a limousine service between aircraft and the terminal. The ramp area of the terminal can accommodate up to 22 small-sized private jets, between 8 and 12 medium-sized jets, or up to four large-sized jets such as a Boeing Business Jet (BBJ), the Boeing 727 or the Airbus A319. The facility makes EFC the largest dedicated business aviation terminal in the Middle East.
Cargo Mega Terminal
Flower centre
The center when completed and functioning will have a floor area of approximately including different export chambers and offices. The handling capacity of the center is expected to be more than 300,000 tonnes of product throughput per annum. The entire facility (with the exception of the offices) will be maintained at an ambient temperature of just .
Runways
In 2013 Dubai Airports announced an 80-day runway refurbishment program which started on 1 May 2014 and was completed on 21 July 2014. The northern runway was resurfaced while lighting upgrades and additional taxiways were built on the southern runway to help boost its capacity. The southern runway was closed from 1 to 31 May 2014, while the northern runway was closed from 31 May to 20 July 2014. Due to extra congestion on one runway, all freighter, charter and general aviation flights were diverted to Al Maktoum International Airport. Flights at DXB were reduced by 26% and 14 airlines moved to Al Maktoum International Airport whilst the runways works were being done. Emirates cut 5,000 flights and grounded over 20 aircraft during the period.
Dubai Airport plans to close the southern runway (12R/30L) for complete resurfacing and replacement of the airfield lighting and supporting infrastructure. This will be done during a 45-day period from 16 April 2019 to 30 May 2019. This upgrade will boost safety, service and capacity levels at DXB. Airlines will be required to reduce flight operations at DXB due to single runway operations.
Accommodating the Airbus A380
Labour controversy
Airlines and destinations
Passenger
- Notes
- Biman Bangladesh Airlines' flight from Dubai to Dhaka makes a stop at Sylhet.
Cargo
Services
Aviation services
Ground handling
Emirates Airlines has over 2000 Airport Services employees current serving the airport.
Services include cargo ramp and technical support services to airlines at Dubai Airport.
Aircraft maintenance
- Seven aircraft hangars all capable of handling the A380 (currently the largest aircraft hangar in the world)
- Aircraft painting hangar
- Aircraft processing plant
- Aircraft engine run-up facility enclosure
- Engineering Line Maintenance facility
- Engine Test Cell
- Aircraft spare parts stores
Passenger services
Extensive upgrading work on existing retail areas since 2004 in Terminals 1 and 2 has increased sales. Dubai Duty Free Company announced annual sales of Dhs5.9 billion (US$1.6 billion) in 2012, representing a 10 per cent increase on the previous year. In 2008, Dubai Duty Free doubled its retail space from with the inauguration of the new Emirates Terminal 3 in October 2008. Dubai Duty Free recorded more than 23.5 million transactions in 2012. As of August 2009, Dubai Duty Free was the biggest single airport retail operation in the world ahead of London's Heathrow Airport and Seoul's Incheon airports.
In addition to a wide array of duty-free shops and eating outlets, Dubai Airport has two open-air garden areas. Dubai Airport has numerous business centres located around the airport. Within the international transit area of the interconnected Terminals 1 and 2, internet and games facilities, prayer rooms, showers, spas, gym, swimming pool and three hotels are provided. Various lounge areas are provided, some including children's play areas or televisions showing news, movies and sports channels. Terminal 3 has a left luggage facility operated by Emirates in the Arrivals area where layover passengers can leave their luggage for a fee while they go sightseeing.
Safety and security
The airport uses highly sensitive equipment to conduct thorough searches on travellers into the UAE, including screening for smuggling, possessing or taking illegal drugs in the country. A senior Dubai judge was quoted on 11 February 2008, by Seven Days saying, "These laws help discourage anyone from carrying or using drugs. Even if the amount of illegal drugs found on someone is 0.05 grams, they will be found guilty. The penalty is a minimum four years if it is for personal use. The message is clear—drugs will not be tolerated". A number of travellers have been held pending charge while Dubai authorities test their possessions, blood and urine for any trace of contraband.
In 2018, Houthi rebel group claimed that Dubai airport had been attacked by drones launched by Houthi rebels from Yemen. In response, Dubai Airports stated “With regards to reports by questionable sources this morning, Dubai Airports can confirm that Dubai International (DXB) is operating as normal without any interruption”.
Operations
Passenger growth at the airport has been growing at an average rate of 18%. The airport reached its capacity of 33 million passengers per annum by 2007; however, this was still not enough to handle the growing over congestion at the airport. In 2013, the airport's capacity reached 75 million with the opening of concourse A and expansion of Terminal 2.
Passenger traffic for 2014 grew by 7.5% as 70.48 million passengers passed through Dubai International, compared to 66.43 million during the corresponding period in 2013. Growth slowed down in 2014 due to the 80-day runway resurfacing project, which saw DXB operate with only one runway between May and July.
In 2014, India was DXB's biggest destination with 8.91 million passengers. The UK, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan followed with 5.38 million, 4.88 million and 3.13 million, respectively. London's London Heathrow became the top city destination, recording 2,626,357 passengers. Doha followed it with 2,355,959.
In 2020, Dubai International Airport's first quarter passenger traffic fell down by 67.8 per cent and reached 5.75 million. This is even lower than the statistics presented last year in the same quarter.
In 2022, Dubai International Airport registered strong recovery and robust growth in its customer base that propelled the annual passenger numbers to 66 million. The airport’s growth outpaced the annual forecast in the final months of the year following an exceptionally strong fourth quarter.
Cargo
Ground transportation
Road
Metro
The Green Line has at a station near the Airport Free Zone, from which passengers can connect to Terminal 2.
Bus
Passengers who need to transfer between Terminals 1 and 3, and Terminal 2 can use the inter-terminal shuttle bus service which operates frequently.
Bus stations are situated opposite both Terminal 1, 2 and 3. Local buses CO1, 11, 15, 24, N30, 32C, 33, 64A and 77 can be used to connect with Terminal 1 and 3, while Bus 13B, 20, C26, N30, 31, and 43 connects with Terminal 2. Dubai International Airport Buses provide air-conditioned transport into the city center and over 80 hotels in the city. Emirates offers a complimentary coach service, which operates three daily services to and from Al Ain, and four daily, to and from Abu Dhabi. So does Etihad.
Taxi
Accidents and incidents
- On 14 March 1972, Sterling Airways Flight 296 crashed on approach to Dubai; 112 died.
- On 20 July 1973, Japan Air Lines Flight 404 was a passenger flight which was hijacked by Palestinian and Japanese terrorists. The flight was hijacked shortly after takeoff from Schiphol and made a stop in Dubai before flying to Damascus.
- On December 27, 1997, a Pakistan Airlines Boeing 747, registered AP-BAT, operating a flight from Dubai to London, crashed at Dubai airport after an aborted takeoff. The plane overshot the runway by 300m and went through the perimeter wall before coming to rest. No one died.
- On 22 November 1974, British Airways Flight 870, a Vickers VC10, from Dubai to Heathrow Airport, was hijacked in Dubai, landing at Tripoli for refuelling before flying on to Tunis. One hostage was murdered before the hijackers eventually surrendered after 84 hours. Captain Jim Futcher was awarded the Queen's Gallantry Medal, the Guild of Air Pilots and Air Navigators Founders Medal, the British Air Line Pilots Association Gold Medal and a Certificate of Commendation from British Airways for his actions during the hijacking, having returned to the aircraft to fly it knowing the hijackers were on board.
- In 1999, Indian Airlines Flight 814 was hijacked over Indian airspace and tried to land at Dubai, after being prevented from landing in neighboring Oman. With the airport authorities ensuring that the plane could not land by stationing airport equipment and coaches on the runways, the hijacked flight landed at Al Minhad Air Base. 814 hijack: Officials felt Dubai authorities could have done more ( India Today, 10 January 2000)
- On 21 September 2001, an Aeroflot IL-86 operating as Flight 521 Belly landing after the flight crew forgot to turn on the landing gear circuit breaker. All 322 people on board survived, but the aircraft was Write-off.
- On 17 October 2001, Pakistan International Airlines flight PK231, an Airbus A300, from Islamabad via Peshawar veered off the side of the runway after the right hand maingear collapsed as it touched down. The aircraft skidded and eventually came to rest in sand 50 meters from the runway. The aircraft sustained damage to its right wing structure and its no. 2 engine, which partly broke off the wing resulting in hull loss. All 205 crew and passengers (which included high profile American political commentator and talk show host Tucker Carlson and his father Dick Carlson) evacuated safely.
- On 12 March 2007, the Landing gear of Biman Bangladesh Airlines Flight BG006, an Airbus A310-300, collapsed while the aircraft was accelerating down the runway.Flight International 20–26 March 2007
- On 3 September 2010, UPS Flight 6, operating a Boeing 747-44AF N571UP crashed due to an in-flight fire when attempting to return to Dubai. N571UP was operating an international cargo flight to Cologne Bonn Airport, Germany.
- On 3 August 2016, Emirates Flight 521 from Thiruvananthapuram International Airport, operating a Boeing 777-300 A6-EMW crashed upon landing. All 300 passengers and crew evacuated safely. One airport firefighter died battling the flames.
- On 19 December 2021, an Emirates Boeing 777-300ER A6-EQI performing Emirates Flight 231 from Dubai to Washington Dulles International Airport took off and nearly crashed into nearby office or apartment buildings. It was discovered that there were problems with the autopilot.
- On 1 July 2022, a Brisbane bound Emirates Airbus A380 suffered some damage during take off. After it landed, airport workers found a big hole in the fuselage and some bolts in the landing gear. Investigations are still underway.
In media
See also
- Al Maktoum International Airport – Dubai's second airport, located in Jebel Ali
- Developments in Dubai
- Tourism in Dubai
- Transportation in Dubai
- List of the busiest airports in the Middle East
External links
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